临床医学英语课件.pptxVIP

UNIT 1;New Words and Phrases ;anesthesia: =美anaethesia: total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile(触觉的) sensibility, induced by disease, injury, acupuncture, or an anesthetic(麻醉药) pediatrics (=paediatrics) : the branch of medicine that deals with the care of infants and children and the treatment of their diseases ophthalmology: the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, functions, pathology, and treatment of the eye ;obstetrics: the branch of medicine that deals with the care of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the recuperative (恢复的) period following delivery. gynecology: the branch of medicine dealing with the administration of health care to women, especially the diagnosis and treatment of disorders affecting the female reproductive organs. ;Difficult Words and Phrases in the Text;premium: 保险费; 奖金；奖励 eligible: qualified or entitled to be chosen 合格的：有资格或有权力被选中的 proprietary: exclusively owned; private 私有的; 独家占有的；私人的 trustee: 受托人，托管人；理事或董事 auxiliary: n. 辅助者；助手 adj.辅助的 a volunteers auxiliary at a hospital 医院里的自愿服务团体 ;solicit: to seek to obtain by persuasion, entreaty, or formal application 恳求 ambulatory: capable of walking; not bedridden 能够走动的；不需卧床的 transaction: n.办理, 事务, 处理事务 confidential: secret adj. 秘密的, 机密的 discretion: n. 判断力; 谨慎，周详 brochure: a small booklet or pamphlet 小册子 ;Background Knowledge; 公元4世纪在罗马有教会医院，属于修道院。6世纪以后，西欧开始建立医院。542年在法国里昴641年在巴黎建立医院。医院当初兼做旅店，是患病的教徒、旅客和香客的医务所或避难所。由于教会日益把持社会的医疗组织，特别在中世纪早期，医院的组织与工作都具有宗教性质；它的护理重于医疗，主要目的在于洗净病人的灵魂。医院的最高理想是对上帝的虔诚，根本不考虑医学科学技术的发展问题。;此时的医院因其目的不同，名称各异，例如， 照料病人者称医院，接收病人者称为收容院(asylum)，收容穷人者称为济贫院(hospice)， 收容妇女及女孩者称为妇婴院(Women and Children Care Institution)。在整个中世纪，除在9世纪出现产科医院外，医院几乎不分专科。 12世纪后，收容病人的机构进一步独立，正式医院开始兴起。第一个正式医院是1204年建于罗马的圣灵医院(Hospital of the Holy Ghost) 。 ;Background Knowledge; Pasteurization (巴氏灭菌法) : The act or process of heating a beverage