高孔隙度可再生骨支架仿真与实验研究.pdfVIP

高孔隙度可再生骨支架仿真与实验研究 摘要：目的确定单元体与股骨的最佳孔隙度骨支架结构。方法 通过扫描电镜分析选区激光熔化（Selective laser melting ，SLM ）成形试样的微观结构；通过静力学模拟与实验分析不同孔隙度下标准结构与Voronoi 多孔结构的压缩变形规律；通过生物力学仿真实验分析步态周期下标准结构与Voronoi 多孔结构的应力分布 情况。结果 在选区激光熔化成形的 316L 不锈钢微观组织中，均匀分布着细小的近六边形、伸长六边形的 胞状结构和条柱状亚结构，受压时有利于分散应力，提高整体结构的稳定性；在压缩变形时，标准结构应 力集中于垂直棱柱，易导致棱柱断裂引起试样倾斜；Voronoi 结构连接杆的不均匀分布有利于分散应力，使 Voronoi 结构的最大等效应力（250.34 MPa ）远低于标准结构（738.07 MPa ），保证了整体受力均匀与结构稳 定；在步态周期下，2 种骨支架结构的应力随孔隙度的增加而增加，75%孔隙度的Voronoi 结构具有更优异 的承压能力与缓解应力屏蔽的作用。结论 通过模拟与试验分析，确定了单元体与股骨的最佳孔隙度及 Voronoi 结构优异的力学性能，验证了在步态周期下高孔隙度Voronoi 骨支架结构的可靠性，为股骨置换手 术提供了理论依据。 关键词：选区激光熔化；静力学仿真模拟；生物力学仿真实验；Voronoi 多孔结构；高孔隙度；步态周期 ABSTRACT: The work aims to determine the optimal porosity bone scaffold structure between the unit body and the femur. The microstructure of the sample formed by selective laser melting (SLM) was analyzed by scanning electron microscope. The compression deformation law of standard structure and Voronoi porous structure under different porosity was analyzed by static simulation and experiment. The stress distribution of the standard structure and the Voronoi porous structure under the gait cycle was analyzed by biomechanical simulation experiment. The microstructure of 316L stainless steel formed by selective laser melting was evenly distributed with fine cell structures of near hexagon, elongated hexagon and strip columnar substructure, which was conducive to the stress dispersion and improved the stability of the whole structure. During the compression defor- mation, the stress of the standard structure was concentrated in the vertical prism, which easily led to the fracture of the prism and caused the sample tilt. The non-uniform distribution of Voronoi structure was conducive to the stress dispersion, so that the maximum equivalent stress of Voronoi structure (250.34 MPa) was much lower than that of the standard structure (738.07 MPa), ensuring the uniform stress and sta