《建筑结构试验》英文教学课件 第1章(Introduction)第2章(The Theory of Structural Models).pptVIP

2.5 Similitude RequirementsScale Model Rules for Vibration Studies Examples: * 2.5 Similitude RequirementsScale Model Rules for Vibration Studies Examples: * 2.6 SummaryConcluding Remarks Scale models are the only way to test civil engineering structures that are extremely large in size and weight. The results of model studies can be extrapolated to prototypes for elastic behavior (with considerable effort). Model studies serve in validating analytical tools, providing data for parametric studies, exploration of the structural behavior of complex systems, validating pilot implementations and such. * 2.6 SummaryConcluding Remarks design and construction of models requires extreme care. Small variation scan be critical for the interpretation of results. Non-linear structures can be validated using analytical models validated by scale models. * * * * asymptote * Example 2.1 Hooker’s Law The stress-strain relation of a stretched bar of a perfectly elastic material Notice that the fundamental measures combine in a certain fashion. Thus * Example 2.1 Or The equation holds for any system of force and length units and is said to be dimensionally homogeneous. * Example 2.1 Consider the special case of a bar made of steel with modulus of E = 200 N/mm2. Then the equation is The equation is no longer dimensionally homogeneous. It is correct only when σ and E are measured in terms of N and mm. * Example 2.2 A simple beam An algebraic equation describing the deflection of a simple prismatic elastic beam with a span l that is subjected to the triangularly distributed total load W is Expressed in the fundamental measures of length (l) and force (F), the dimensions of the left side are * Example 2.3 A simple pendulum A general nonlinear ordinary differential equation describing the undamped motion of the simple pendulum is Dimensionally, the left side of the equation is * Note A In each example, the right-hand side of the governing equation is zero. Is there som