系统解剖学英文版教学课件：Visual organ.pptVIP

Sensory systemA sensory system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory information. A sensory system consists of sensory receptors, neural pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception. Commonly recognized sensory systems are those for vision, hearing, somatic sensation (touch), taste and olfaction (smell). Sensory Organs: Sensory receptorsAccessory organsSensory receptors convert the energy of the stimulus (light, heat, sound, smell) into nerve impulses and send these to the central nervous system.? Types of sensory receptors ( based on the region that sensory receptors are located):Exteroceptors (skin, the mucous of the nasal and oral cavities, the visual and auditory organs)Proprioceptors (muscles, tendons joints and ligaments)Enteroceptors (the wall of viscera, the heart and blood vessels) Visual Organ (The eye) In the orbit and embedded by the fat tissue. Separated it from the fat tissue by fascial sheath.I. Location: II. General shape of the eyeball SphericalDiameter:2.5 cmOptic axis(red line)Visual axis (blue line)Equator (yellow dash line) III. Structures of the eyeball Fibrous tunic (the outermost layer) ① Cornea The anterior and transparent partIt is made almost entirely of protein and contains no blood vessels.As a result, corneal transplants tend to be very successful; little chance for the immune system to react to the foreign tissue.I) The wall of the eyeball ② Sclerathe posterior part , white and opaqueForms about 80% of the surface. Function: to protect the internal eye structures and to give shape to the eye. The muscles that move the eye insert on to the sclera. (3) Scleral venous sinus This is narrow tube encircling the edge of the cornea . It drains fluid from the space behind the cornea. 2. Vascular tunic (1) Choroid (middle layer, just inside the fibrous tunic).Contains a rich supply of blood vessels to adjacent layers.Contains cells that produce large amounts of the pigment melanin. (2) Cil