神经营养因子与神经生长和修复演示文稿.pptVIP

神经营养因子与神经生长和修复演示文稿1本文档共33页；当前第1页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 （优选）神经营养因子与神经生长和修复2本文档共33页；当前第2页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 But now that thinking has been turned upside down. Scientists recently have discovered a whole family of proteins called neurotrophic factors. These proteins play a crucial role in the development and survival of nerve cells, or neurons, and in supporting adult neurons to keep them healthy throughout life. 3本文档共33页；当前第3页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 1934: Victor Hamburger discovered that removal of a limb bud resulted in reduced numbers of sensory and motor neurons in the spinal cord.The neurotrophic factor hypothesis4本文档共33页；当前第4页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 Effect of Removing or Augmenting Neural Targets on the Survival of Related NeuronsPN23092.JPG 1939: Victor Hamburger showed that transplantation of a supernumerary limb resulted in increased numbers of sensory and motor neurons in the spinal cord.5本文档共33页；当前第5页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 Based on his limb-bud experiments, V. Hamburger hypothesized that the targets of innervating neurons provide signals that recruit undifferentiated cells to develop into sensory or motor neurons.(he was wrong)In 1942, Levi-Montalcini and Levi proposed that target derived signals maintain survival of differentiating neurons. In 1949, Hamburger and Levi-Montalcini repeated the limb bud experiments and found that their results supported the neurotrophic hypothesis.Hamburger, V. and Levi-Montalcini, R. (1949) J. Exp. Zool. 111: 457-502.The neurotrophic factor hypothesis6本文档共33页；当前第6页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 7本文档共33页；当前第7页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 1954: neurite outgrowth assay– extract+ extract1969: NGF purified to homogeneityStanley CohenRita Levi-Montalcini1986: Levi-Montalcini and Cohen split the Nobel prize for Physiology or Medicine “for their discovery of growth factors”1960: NGF purified8本文档共33页；当前第8页；编辑于星期日\21点18分 NGF: sympathetic neurons and some sensory neurons(CNS neurons do not require NGF for survival)BDNF: NGF-related factor purified in 1982 from pig brain (shares ~50% homolog with