此为英文文档：NBER -Information-Optional Policies and the Gender Concealment Gap.docx

NBERWORKINGPAPERSERIES

INFORMATION-OPTIONALPOLICIESANDTHEGENDERCONCEALMENT

GAP

ChristineL.Exley

RaymondFisman

JuddB.Kessler

Louis-PierreLepage

XiaomengLi

CorinneLow

XiaoyueShan

MattieToma

BasitZafar

WorkingPaper32350

/papers/w32350

NATIONALBUREAUOFECONOMICRESEARCH

1050MassachusettsAvenue

Cambridge,MA02138

April2024

WeacknowledgethegenerouscooperationoftheBostonUniversityRegistrarinobtainingtheanonymizedstudenttranscriptdata.WethankAnnabelleFinlayson,TomerMangoubi,John-HenryPezzuto,andEmmaRonzettiforexcellentresearchassistance.Wethanknumerousseminarandconferenceparticipantsforvaluablefeedbackandcomments.ThisprojectwassupportedbytheHarvardBusinessSchool,theWhartonSchool,theWhartonAnalyticsInitiative,andtheWhartonBehavioralLab.ItwasalsosupportedthroughaQuartetPilotResearchawardfundedbytheBoettnerCenterattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Thispapersupersedesmaterialpreviouslyincludedin“TheTransparencyGap”and“AnticipatedDiscriminationandGradeDisclosure”.TheviewsexpressedhereinarethoseoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsofBostonUniversity,theUniversityofPennsylvania,theNationalInstitutesofHealth,ortheNationalBureauofEconomicResearch.

Atleastoneco-authorhasdisclosedadditionalrelationshipsofpotentialrelevanceforthisresearch.Furtherinformationisavailableonlineat/papers/w32350

NBERworkingpapersarecirculatedfordiscussionandcommentpurposes.Theyhavenotbeenpeer-reviewedorbeensubjecttothereviewbytheNBERBoardofDirectorsthataccompaniesofficialNBERpublications.

?2024byChristineL.Exley,RaymondFisman,JuddB.Kessler,Louis-PierreLepage,XiaomengLi,CorinneLow,XiaoyueShan,MattieToma,andBasitZafar.Allrightsreserved.Shortsection