微生物学微生物学 (42).docVIP

StructureofEndospores

Afterlearningthissection,youshouldbeableto:

?Describethestructureofabacterialendospore

?Describethosepropertiesofendosporesthatarethoughttocontributetoitsresistancetoenvironmentalstresses

Somebacteriasurviveadverseenvironmentalconditionsbyformingendospores,dormantstructuresresistanttoheat,desiccation,andmanychemicals.

Endosporeshavelongheldtheinterestofmicrobiologists.

Endosporesareextraordinarilyresistanttoenvironmentalstressessuchasheat,ultravioletradiation,gammaradiation,chemicaldisinfectants,anddesiccation.

Infact,someendosporeshaveremainedviableforaround100,000years.

Anotherimportantreasonisthatseveralspeciesofendospore-formingbacteriaaredangerouspathogens.

Forexample,Clostridiumbotulinumbɑt??la?n?m/?causesbotulism?b?t??l?z?m/?

,afood-bornediseasethatresultsfromingestionofbotulinumtoxin,thedeadliesttoxinknown.

Inordertopreventbotulism,foodmustbepreparedandstoredproperly.Theextreme

heatresistanceofC.botulinumsendosporesisamajorconcernofthefoodindustry

Endosporesalsoareofconsiderableinteresttoscientistsbecauseof

theircomplexstructuresandtheequallycomplexprocessthatgeneratesthem.

Let’sseewhatistheStructureofEndospore

Andyouwillknowwhyithasresistant

Electronmicroscopyhasbeenanimportanttoolfordissectingendosporestructure.

Asseeninthispicture,itshowsthatthesporeconsistsofacore方框进入surroundedbyseverallayersthatvarysignificantlyincomposition.

方框进入Thecorehasnormalcellstructuressuchasribosomesandanucleoidbuthasverylowwatercontent(figure3.52).Thecoreissurroundedbyaninnermembrane方框进入,whichisinturncoveredbythecorewall方框进入4(alsocalledthegermcellwall,asitcontainsthe方框进入peptidoglycanthatwillformthewallofthevegetativecellthatgrowsoutofthesporefollowinggermination).Nextisthe