九章利润学习目标了解组织预算原因他们用于创建过程chapter 0909.pptx

ChapterNineProfitPlanning

LearningObjective1Understandwhyorganizationsbudgetandtheprocessestheyusetocreatebudgets.

TheBasicFrameworkofBudgetingAbudgetisadetailedquantitativeplanforacquiringandusingfinancialandotherresourcesoveraspecifiedingtimeperiod.Theactofpreparingabudgetiscalledbudgeting.Theuseofbudgetstocontrolanorganization’sactivityisknownasbudgetarycontrol.

PlanningandControlPlanning–

involvesdevelopingobjectivesandpreparingvariousbudgetstoachievetheseobjectives.Control–

involvesthestepstakenbymanagementthatattempttoensuretheobjectivesareattained.

AdvantagesofBudgetingAdvantagesDefinegoalandobjectivesUncoverpotentialbottlenecksCoordinateactivitiesCommunicateplansThinkaboutandplanforthefutureMeansofallocatingresources

ResponsibilityAccountingManagersshouldbeheldresponsibleforthoseitems—andonlythoseitems—that

themanagercanactuallycontrol

toasignificantextent.

ChoosingtheBudgetPeriodOperatingBudget2005200620072008Theannualoperatingbudgetmaybedividedintoquarterlyormonthlybudgets.Acontinuousbudgetisa

12-monthbudgetthatrolls

forwardonemonth(orquarter)

asthecurrentmonth(orquarter)

iscompleted.

Self-ImposedBudgetAbudgetispreparedwiththefullcooperationand

participationofmanagersatalllevels.Aparticipative

budgetisalsoknownasaself-imposedbudget.

AdvantagesofSelf-ImposedBudgetsIndividualsatalllevelsoftheorganizationareviewedasmembersoftheteamwhosejudgmentsarevaluedbytopmanagement.Budgetestimatespreparedbyfront-linemanagersareoftenmoreaccuratethanestimatespreparedbytopmanagers.Motivationisgenerallyhigherwhenindividualsparticipateinsettingtheirowngoalsthanwhenthegoalsareimposedfromabove.Amanagerwhoisnotabletomeetabudgetimposedfromabovecanclaimthatitwasunrealistic.Self-imposedbudgetseliminatethisexcuse.

Self-ImposedB