《土木工程专业英语 第2版》 课件 Unit7 Introduction to Other Branches of Civil Engineering.pptx

EnglishforCivilEngineering——;Unit7IntroductiontoOtherBranchesofCivilEngineering;7.1BridgeEngineering

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Cast-in-placeconcretestructuresareoftenconstructedmonolithicallyandcontinuously.Theyusuallyprovidearelativelylowmaintenancecostandbetterearthquake-resistanceperformance.Cast-in-placeconcretestructures,however,maynotbeagoodchoicewhentheprojectisonafast-trackconstructionscheduleorwhentheavailablefalseworkopeningclearanceislimited.Inthisunit,variousstructuraltypesanddesignconsiderationsforconventionalcast-in-place,reinforcedconcretehighwaygirderbridgearediscussed.

钢筋混凝土梁式桥材料搭配与建造过程

Monolithically整体地；maintenancecost维护费用；earthquake-resistanceperformance抗震性能；fast-track快速；falsework脚手架;1SlabBridges（板桥）

Longitudinallyreinforcedslabbridgeshavethesimplestsuperstructureconfigurationandtheneatestappearance.Theygenerallyrequiremorereinforcingsteelandstructuralconcretethandogirder-typebridgesofthesamespan.However,thedesigndetailsandformworksareeasierandlessexpensive.Ithasbeenfoundeconomicalforsimplysupportedspansupto9mandforcontinuousspansupto12m.

钢筋混凝土板桥

Longitudinally纵向；superstructureconfiguration上部结构形状；girder-typebridges梁式桥

;2T-BeamBridges（T形梁桥）

TheT-beamconstructionconsistsofatransverselyreinforcedslabdeckwhichspansacrosstothelongitudinalsupportgirders.Theserequireamore-complicatedformwork,particularlyforskewedbridges,comparedtotheothersuperstructureforms.T-beambridgesaregenerallymoreeconomicalforspansof12to18m.Thegirderstemthicknessusuallyvariesfrom35to55cmandiscontrolledbytherequiredhorizontalspacingofthepositivemomentreinforcement.Optimumlateralspacingoflongitudinalgirdersistypicallybetween1.8and3.0mforaminimumcostofformworkandstructuralmaterials.However,whereverticalsupportsfortheformworkaredifficultandexpensive,