大学英语 阅读材料Nanoscale avalanche photodiodes for highly sensitive and spatially resolved photon detection.pdfVIP

LETTERS

Nanoscaleavalanchephotodiodesfor

highlysensitiveandspatiallyresolved

photondetection

1†1†‡1,2§

OLIVERHAYDEN*,RITESHAGARWALANDCHARLESM.LIEBER

1DepartmentofChemistryandChemicalBiology,HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,Massachusetts02138,USA

2DepartmentofEngineeringandAppliedSciences,HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,Massachusetts02138,USA

*¨¨

Currentaddress:IBMResearchGmbH,ZurichResearchLaboratory,8803Ruschlikon,Switzerland

†Theseauthorscontributedequallytothework

‡Currentaddress:DepartmentofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,UniversityofPennsylvania,Philadelphia,Pennsylvania19104-6272,USA

§e-mail:cml@

Publishedonline:16April2006;doi:10.1038/nmat1635

ntegratingnanophotonicswithelectronicscouldenhancein|Idark|atapproximately−9V.Illuminationofthesame

and/orenableopportunitiesinareasrangingfromdeviceshowsavoltage-dependentphotocurrent(Iph)thatincreases

Icommunicationsandcomputingtonoveldiagnostics1,2.LightwithincreasingnegativereversebiasuntilIph≈Idarkat−10V,

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sourcesanddetectorsareimportantelementsforintegration,whichissuggestiveofanavalanchebreakdownprocess.

andkeyprogresshasbeenmadeusingsemiconductingMoredetailedmeasurementsshowninFig.1bdemonstrate

nanowires3–5andcarbonnanotubestoyieldelectricallydriventhatIdarkr