榆木山地貌指数及活动构造意义.docVIP

  榆木山地貌指数及活动构造意义# 张忱，潘保田 （兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室，兰州 730000） 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 摘要：祁连山脉位于青藏高原东北缘，在北西-南东方向上绵延 600 多公里，而榆木山就位 于活跃的还在生长的祁连山脉山前地带。榆木山是在祁连山北缘隐伏逆冲断层上盘发育的背 斜，此东北向断层还未在第四纪地表出露。榆木山地块内部断裂新生代以来活动强烈，且由 南往北逐次变新且强度规模逐渐减弱。本文提取榆木山地区的河长坡降指标（SL），测高分 析曲线（HI）与流域不对称性（AF）地貌指数，发现榆木山南坡与北坡存在明显的不同。SL 的变化主要反映榆木山构造活动的变化信息，与岩性和气候因素关系不大，且 SLk 分析显示 其 Z-score 异常与断层分布有较强的相关性，Z-score 异常值分布于距断层线 250m 范围以 内； AF 相反分布于榆木山背斜两翼，此背斜的形成与祁连山北缘隐伏逆冲断层有关；面积 高度曲线与 HI 值在榆木山南、北坡存在差异，北坡在地貌侵蚀阶段上相对南坡较“年轻”， 榆木山南坡侵蚀程度较高，而北坡侵蚀程度较低。这是由于该地区在新生代以来活动强烈的 断裂所致，反映出榆木山背斜下部的祁连山北缘隐伏逆断层由山体向盆地逆冲发展的结果。 关键词：榆木山；构造活动；地貌指数；河长坡降指标；测高分析曲线；不对称性 Geomorphic index analysis in Yumu Shan and its implications for active tectonics ZHANG Chen, PAN Baotian (Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems with Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, LanZhou 730000) Abstract: The mountain range of the Yumu Shan is located in the front of the actively growing mountain range of the Qilian Shan, which ex-tends NW–SE for more than 600 km at the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The Yumu Shan is the topographic expression of an actively growing fault-propagation fold developed in the hanging walls of a system of mostly northeast-vergent buried reverse faults which has not yet broken the Quaternary surface. The tectonic activity is relatively strong within the yumushan block since the Cenozoic, and successivly become younger from south to north, gradually weakened their strength and size. We calculated stream-length gradient (SL), hypsometric curve (HI), asymmetry factor (AF), and found that there are significant differences between the northern and southern mountain. SL changes mainly reflect tectonic activity change information in Yumu Shan, and SLk analysis showed a strong correlation between the abnormal Z-score and fault distribution. The contrary distribution of AF in northern and southern Yumu Shan corresponds to Yumu Shan anticline whose formation is related to the northern Qilian Mountain buried reverse f