外文翻译--中东欧国家的贸易和产业升级.docVIP

本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目： Trade and Industrial Upgrading in Countries of Central and Eastern Europe 出 处： Emerging Markets Finance and Trade 作 者： Ulrike Hotopp Slavo Radosevic Kate Bishop 原 文： Trade and Industrial Upgrading in Countries of Central and Eastern Europe The economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) have become highly integrated into the world economy through trade. In a relatively short period, their trade integration approached levels that would be expected given their proximity to European Union markets (Zoltan et al. 2001).Differences in the respective patterns of their trade integration are closely related to respective differences in their economies’ performance since 1989. Countries that have reformed and restructured faster have significantly improved their technological structure of exports compared to laggards. In this paper, we analyze patterns of changes in CEE exports in order to understand diverging patterns of industrial upgrading in these economies. It is relevant for the long-term growth of the CEE countries whether integration through trade is pushing their economies toward long-term growth based on innovation and industrial upgrading. These dynamic effects of trade are highly dependent on its product composition. The transformation of product compositions over time reflects industry restructuring as well as a specific technology base whose dynamic potential can be quite different from country to country. This is the case for both imports and exports. Imports can include capital goods and consumer goods. Capital goods can be used for production as well as imitation, while consumer goods can contribute to development mainly via changes in tastes and imitation in use. We, however, concentrate on exports. Changes in the product composition of exports are reflected in at least three different forms in trade sta