澳大利亚自然灾害管理和救助体系研究及启示.pdfVIP

摘要 自然灾害是一个永恒的话题，人类社会的各个阶段都伴随有各种不同的自然 灾害的发生。近几年频发的重大自然灾害更是让人们越来越认识到自然灾害的巨 大危害以及进行灾害救助的重要意义。澳大利亚是典型的发达国家，国土面积辽 阔、自然条件复杂，每年各种的自然灾害给澳大利亚造成的损失不断增加，为减 少灾害给人民造成的伤害，澳大利亚持续出台了多种防灾减灾政策，在世界范围 来说都是比较先进的。当然，作为发展中国家的中国不可能完全照搬像澳大利亚 这样的发达国家的做法，但是他山之石可以攻玉，学习发达国家先进的做法，从 中找出适合我国的地方对发展中国家的快速发展来说是可取的。因此本文选取澳 大利亚作为研究重点，首先对澳大利亚灾害救助的管理体系进行了详细介绍，然 后以昆士兰州为例，对澳大利亚尤其是昆士兰州的自然灾害救助体系和相关救助 措施、标准和方法进行详细的介绍。接着将澳大利亚灾害管理和救助体系与我国 的相关制度比较，找出了澳大利亚的先进之处，以及我国的不足之处，最后在此 基础上，针对我国的不足之处，借鉴澳大利亚的先进做法提出一些可以借鉴的做 法。 关键词：自然灾害 管理体系 救助体系 Ⅰ Abstract Natural disasters are a constant topic, all stages of human society come with a variety of different natural disasters. In recent years, frequent natural disasters make people more aware of the great dangers of natural disasters and the importance of disaster relief. Australia is a typical developed countries, land area is vast, natural conditions are complicate, so each year various kinds of natural disasters in Australia make its loss increasing.In order to reduce the harm caused by disasters, Australia continues to put a variety of disaster prevention and mitigation policies, in global scale, these policies are advanced. Of course, as a developing country like China can not completely copy the practice in developed countries like Australia, but he can learn ,learning the practice of the developed countries to find out the areas suitable for Chinas,it is desirable to our fast developing countries. This article selected Australia as a research priority , the first described Australian disaster relief management system in detail, and then selected Queensland as an example, analysised Australia Natural Disaster Relief Syst