集约化多级回热式太阳能海水淡化系统性能优化实验研究.docVIP

  集约化多级回热式太阳能海水淡化系统性 能优化实验研究# 关弘扬，刘振华** 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 （上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院，上海 200240） 摘要：本文设计了一种结构新颖的小型集约化多级回热式太阳能海水淡化蒸馏研究系统，系 统由 4 个集热/回热单元组成，每个单元由一个简化式 CPC 集热板、一个真空玻璃管集热/ 回热/冷凝一体化装置和一个补水器组成，集热板采光总面积为 2.31m2。系统运行在高压和 常压状态，使用逐级降温回热法来加强蒸汽凝结潜热的回收利用。通过实际运行实验数据比 较了天气情况、季节变化、最高集热温度、运行蒸汽压力设定等系统运行参数对系统整体的 制水量、系统总效率集热和回热性能的影响。实验结果显示本装置单位集热面积的制水量最 高可达到 2.138 kg/(h·m2) ，制水性能系数最高可达 2.5 左右，总效率最高可达 1.35 左右， 系统各项性能较为优越。 关键词：太阳能；海水淡化；多级回热；CPC 中图分类号：TK 515 文献标识码：A Performance Optimization Study on an Integrated Solar Desalination System with Multi-Stage Evaporation/Heat recovery Processes GUAN Hongyang, LIU Zhenhua (Schoool of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240) Abstract: A novel small-sized integrated solar desalination system with multi-stage evaporation/heat recovery processes is designed and tested in this study. The system consists of four linked collecting units. Each unit contains a seawater tank and one solar collecting/desalination panel. The solar collecting/desalination panel is mainly comprised by a simplified CPC (Compound Parabolic Concentrator) and an all-glass evacuated tube collector. In the last three units, heat exchangers made of copper tubes are mounted concentrically into the all-glass evacuated tubes for heat recovery. In each unit, an independent desalination process including solar heat collecting, heat recovery and seawater evaporation can be carried out completely. The experiments were carried out under different operating conditions for investigating the effects of the various influencing parameters. Through the present experiments, the effect of the operating pressures, operating pressure adjusting methods, weather conditions, season conditions, maximum collecting temperature on freshwater yield, system total efficiency and heat recovery performance are investigated and discussed in detail. The experimental results provide a striking demonstration that the designed solar desalination system has outstanding per