外加电场对声波穿透压电固体介质的影响.docVIP

  外加电场对声波穿透压电固体介质的影响# 薛存，王记增，周又和** （西部灾害与环境力学教育部重点实验室，兰州大学土木工程与力学学院，兰州 730000） 5 10 摘要：我们是否能够让声波像光穿过玻璃一样完全透过固体材料？针对这一问题，本文发现 通过对置于液体中的压电板结构施加电压或者等效力的作用，可控制声波完全穿透或完全不 能穿透该固体材料。这是因为，外加电场会在压电材料中引起初始应变，这一应变会改变压 电材料中纵波和横波的波速，进而会影响声波在该材料中的反射和透射等传播性质。具体地， 我们给出了一个声波在水-压电板-水中传播的控制算例，推导得到了外加电场与反射系数和 透射系数的定量关系，数值结果表明，通过调节外加电场，可以实现声波的完全透射与完全 反射。这一研究为实现固体材料与结构的声学隐身提供了一种崭新的途径。 关键词：固体力学；声波传播；压电材料 中图分类号：O34 15 Influence of applied external eletric field to sound transmission through a piezoelectric solid medium CUN Xue, WANG Jizeng, ZHOU Youhe (College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, 20 25 30 China) Abstract: In this study, we have theoretically investigated how to control the sound transmission through a piezoelectric solid medium. An external electric field or mechanical loading will induce initial strain in the piezoelectric medium. When such an initial strain is large enough, the speeds of longitudinal and transverse waves will be changed accordingly. The change of wave speeds eventually influence on the reflection and transmission of sound. In order to evaluate the relation between the applied external electric field and the change of reflection and transmission coefficient, we have considered the transmission of sound wave through a solid piezoelectric plate immersed in water, and have found that the values of reflection and transmission coefficients can be significantly affected by the applied electric field. This study shed light to the realization of sound stealth design for solid mediums. Key words: Solid mechanics; Sound transmission; Piezoelectric materials 0 引言 固体介质中弹性波的传播是一经典固体力学问题，已被研究多年。这些研究一部分与因 35 各向异性引起的波的散射问题相关 [1-4] [5-6] [7] [8]  材料的实际应用  [9-10]  ，等等。近几年，声子晶体作为一种新型的声学功能材料,引起了各国 研究机构的极大关注 [11-19] 。这些研究主要集中于声波禁带 [11-18] 和声子晶体的声子结构 [16,19] 上。伴随着这些研究，也涌现了多种定量分析方法用于了分析波在声子晶体和其他弹性媒介 40 中的传播等问题，例如，波展开法 [11,13,14,19,20] [21,22] [23,24] 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目 111212