岷江下游丘陵区3 种农业种植模式对铅(Pb) 污染土壤的修复效益.pdfVIP

农业环境科学学报 2011,30(4):656-665 Journal of Agro-Environment Science 岷江下游丘陵区3 种农业种植模式对 铅（Pb）污染土壤的修复效益 * 刘 凯，李 勇，张 健 ，杨万勤，刘 洋，吴福忠 （四川农业大学林业生态工程重点实验室，四川雅安 625014） 摘 要：为了解间作和轮作组成的农业种植模式对中轻度Pb 污染土壤的修复效益，定点调查了岷江下游丘陵区3 种农业模式 （M1：玉米+红薯－小白菜+菠菜，M2：玉米+生姜－茎用芥菜，M3：水稻）作用下，土壤中Pb 含量的变化以及Pb 在土壤和作物系统中 迁移和分配的特征，采用有时序的灰色关联分析法，比较了3 种模式的综合效益。结果发现，土壤Pb 含量变化在模式M1、M2 中表 现为显著下降后持平的“L”形特点（降幅10.65%、13.91%），M3 中为显著下降（降幅14.17%）。Pb 在作物非食用器官中含量是食用 器官的1.10~33.00 倍。玉米和稻谷食用器官中Pb 的含量安全，生姜受到中度Pb 污染，红薯、小白菜、菠菜等食用器官中Pb 污染较 严重，人体通过模式中作物日摄入Pb 总量是WHO/FAO 标准的4.23 倍，但由于人体对Pb 具有的耐性和清除机制、食用前对农产 品的加工措施、当地农户将红薯和菠菜等作为猪饲料使用，以及现今社会人类日常饮食种类的丰富性等，有效地降低了农产品中 Pb 含量超标对人体危害的风险性。分析表明，3 种模式的综合效益是显著的，灰色关联分析法的排序结果为M2M1M3。 关键词：岷江下游；农业模式；土壤；修复效益 中图分类号：X53 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672- 2043(2011)04- 0656- 10 Remediation Efficiency of Three Cropping Systems for Lead （Pb）Contaminated Agricultural Soils in Hilly Re－ gion of Minjiang River * LIU Kai, LI Yong, ZHANG Jian , YANG Wan-qin, LIU Yang, WU Fu-zhong （Key Lab of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya′an 625014, China） Abstract ：Lead （Pb）pollutant has been considered as one of the most serious environmental problems worldwide. Including others, monocul－ ture in agriculture may be successful for metal phytoremediation in short-term （two to three years）, although significant yield reduction in longer term applications. Intercropping and rotation systems might remedy this flaw by reasonably assigned. However, little information has been available on the remediation efficiency of cropping systems by assigning intercropping and rotation systems for Pb contaminated agricul－ ture soil in field. Therefore, to understand the remediation efficiency of cropping systems for agricultural soils contaminated by mild to moder－ ate Pb metal, field experiments were conducted in hilly region of Minjiang River, southwest of China. Three typical cropping systems includin