消除土壤障碍因子，促进红壤稻田持续高产.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2007,40(增刊1):221-225 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 消除土壤障碍因子，促进红壤稻田持续高产 陈福兴，张马祥，陈永安 （中国农业科学院农业资源与区划研究所，北京 100081） 摘要：红壤稻田低产到高产的过程，实际上是不断补充营养元素，不断消除障碍因子的过程，每解决一个问 题，生产就提高一步。研究揭示了土壤缺磷、氮、钙、钾、锌、氧以及砷毒对水稻生产的影响。并研究了磷、氮、 钙、钾、锌、氧、砷等元素在红壤稻田中的作用。反映在农业技术措施上为施磷肥、种绿肥、施钾肥、施锌肥、 沾秧根、防治棉花水稻生理病害、水稻起垄栽培、水插旱管消除缺氧条件下产生的毒害等措施。并结合各种栽培 措施，形成红壤稻田一整套土壤管理和栽培施肥制度，对提高水稻产量起了明显作用。 关键词：红壤稻田；砷毒田；还原物质；僵苗；持续高产 Eliminating Negative Factors of Soil, Keeping High Yield in Lateritic Rice Paddy CHEN Fu-xing, ZHANG Ma-xiang, CHEN Yong-an (Agricultural Resource and Regional Planning Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081) Abstract: The process from the low yield to the high yield in lateritic rice paddy actually is the process that the nutritive elements were supplied to the soil and the negative factors of soil are eliminated unceasingly. The research indicated that the shortage of phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, potassium, zinc, oxygen and the poison of arsenic will affected the yield of paddy rice. Moreover the functions of the nutritive elements in soil also were studied. Some agricultural technologies can be used to promote the fertility of the soil, such as adding phosphorus fertilizer to the soil, planting green manure, using zinc fertilizer, moistening the root , preventing and controlling cotton and paddy rice physiological disease, building the ridges in rice paddy, transplanting rice seedlings in water and managing the seedlings by dry land style, eliminating the poison aroused by lack of oxygen. Furthermore a system about soil management, crops cultivation and fertilizer was advanced by unified all kinds of cultivation measures, and the system played an important role in enhancing rice yield. Key words: Red soi