高一英语上册知识网络复习39.docVIP

高一北师大版学案系列39 [ 名师讲堂 ] 重点语法 重点语法 ------------被动语态 英语中分为两种语态,即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。只有行为动词中的及物动词才有被动语态形式。 一、构成be + 及物动词的过去分词各种时态的被动语态的构成形式,都要在be动词上作相应变化。 二、用法 1. 不知道或者不必指出动作的执行者。如: Many trees have been planted in our school.我们学校种了很多树。 The house is very old. It was built in 1970.这座房子已经很旧了,它是1970年建造的。 【点击名题】In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. (1999 全国) A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served 【点拨】B。这个句子就是不知道动作的执行者,所以要用被动语态。 2. 强调动作而不是强调动作的执行者。如: The milk should be kept in the fridge.牛奶应当存放在冰箱里。 The lion was kept in a cage and unable to get away again.狮子被关进一个笼子里,它无法再逃脱。 3. 为避免主语过长,可将主动语态转化为被动语态。如: A very good friend of mine whom I’d like you to meet sometime painted the picture. (主动语态) The picture was painted by a very good friend of mine whom I’d like you to meet sometime. (被动语态) 4. 突出或强调动作的承受者,这时我们可用by引出动作的执行者。如: That novel was written by Lu Xun in 1935.那本小说是鲁迅1935年写的。 The kite was made by herself.那风筝是她自己制作的。 5. 当我们出于礼貌或别的考虑避免说出动作的执行者时,常用一些语气委婉的句式,如:it is said that ...据说……；it is reported that ...据报道……；it is rumored that ...据传言……等。如: It was rumored that he had been appointed as the president of our company.传闻他已被任命为我们公司的总裁。 [ 影音留声 ] Traveling Light 这首歌是乡村歌手Joel Hanson和Sara Groves合作的第一支单曲。男声磁性质朴，女声悠远飘扬，给人带来清新昂然的感觉，好像为我们展示了这样一个意境：一个历经沧桑的人，放下所有的重负，朝着远方，迎着夕阳走下去，轻装前行，寻找着自己的自由…… Well I was doubling over the load on my shoulders Was a weight I carried with me every day Crossing miles of frustrations and rivers a raging Picking up stones I found along the way I staggered and I stumbled down Pathways of trouble I was hauling those souvenirs of misery And with each step taken my back was breaking Till I found the one who took it all from me Down by the riverside (Down by the riverside) I laid my burdens down,Now I’m traveli