八年级英语下册 语法《延续性动词与非延续性动词》讲练（无答案） 人教新目标版.docVIP

延续性动词与非延续性动词 英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的,一种是终止性的,终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或点动词),如begin,start,die,buy,leave, come等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中. eg. Ive left Shanghai for three days.(×) Ive been away from Shanghai for three days.( √ ). I left Shanghai three days ago. ( √ ) It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( √ ) 常见终止性动词有:leave, go, come, arrive, begin, buy, borrow, die, join, become等.终止性动词要表示持续时, 可用以下方法: .将时间状语改为时间段 + ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时. eg.我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago. .若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词 常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下 come/go/arrive/get/reach/move------be in/at open-----be open die------be dead close----be closed become---be borrow---keep begin/start-----be on put on----wear leave-----be away (from) buy-----have fall asleep----be asleep end/finish-----be over catch a cold-----have a cold join the army----be in the army be a soldier join the Party----be in the Party be a Party member →My brother has been in the army for two years. →My brother has been a soldier for two years 延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换 非延续性动词 延续性动词 现在完成时 borrow keep have kept get to know know have known catch a cold have a cold have had a cold buy have have had die be dead have been dead open be open have been open close be closed have been closed get married be married have been married fall ill be ill have been ill fall asleep be asleep have been asleep leave sp. be away from sp. have been away from sp. return be back have been back go to bed be in bed have been in bed come here be here