unit2 完整翻译.doc

Unit 2 Reading A Human Anatomy 人体解剖学 The human body is a remarkably complex and efficient machine. It takes in and absorbs oxygen through the respiratory system. Then the oxygen-enriched blood is distributed through the cardiovascular system to all tissues. The digestive system converts digestible food to energy and disposes of the rest. The skeletal-muscular system gives form to the body. And covering almost the entire mass is the skin, the largest organ of the body. The science of the structure of this complicated ”machine” is called anatomy. (人体是一个非常复杂并且有效的机器。它通过呼吸系统吸入并且吸收氧气。然后这富含氧的血液通过心血管系统被分布到所有的组织。消化系统将易消化的食物转变成能量并且将剩下的不易消化的食物处理掉。骨骼肌系统组成了人体的形态。覆盖这整个躯体的是皮肤，它是身体最大的器官。研究这架复杂机器结构的科学被称为“解剖学”。) One of the major systems is the skeletal-muscular system. The body is supported and given shape by this structure, consisting of more than 200 bones and the muscles and tendons which are connected to them. They are strong but can bend at their joins. They also serve as a shield, protecting the vital internal organs from injury. (主要的系统之一是这个骨骼肌系统。人体由这个结构作支撑并构成轮廓，这一结构由200多块骨头和与之相连的肌肉和腱组成。它们非常的坚韧但是能够在关节内弯曲。它们也能提供像防护物的作用，保护内部器官免受伤害。) Bones are as strong as steel but much lighter and more flexible. They are composed of minerals, organic matter, and water, held together by a cement-like substance called collagen, and are filled with red and yellow bone marrow. The red marrow produces the red blood cells used throughout the body to transport oxygen, while the yellow marrow consists of fat cells. A tough membrane called the periosteum covers most of the bone surface and allows bones to be nourished by blood. (人体的骨骼像钢铁一样坚韧但是骨骼更轻更灵活。这些骨骼由矿物质，有机物，水，通过一种被称为胶原的结合剂类的物质连结起来，并且充满了红骨髓和黄骨髓。红骨髓产生一种能够运输氧气到达全身各处的血红细胞，然而黄骨髓由脂肪细胞组成。一种被称为骨膜的质地坚韧的膜覆盖了大部分的骨面积，使骨头能得到血液的滋养。) A major bone structure in the body is the vertebral(spinal) column. It runs up and down the back and protects the spinal cord, where many of the major nerves are located. It is composed of bony vertebrae which a