除草剂毒理学.ppt

6. Growth regulator herbicides The killing action of growth-regulating chemicals is not caused by any single factor, but rather by the disruption of several growth processes in susceptible plants. 2,4-D is very sensitive to cotton plant * 6. Growth regulator herbicides Synthetic Auxins: 2,4-D, MCPA(2甲4氯) Auxin Transport Inhibitors: Diflufenzopyr(氟吡草腙) * 6. Symptomology Broadleaf plant stem twisting and curling Leaves on broadleaf plants exhibit cupping, crinkling, strapping, or drawstring effect Symptoms on grass plants include leaf rolling, crinkling, brace root fusion and malformation. Also, flower sterility and missing grain in crops. * 6. Symptomology * Malformed brace roots Blasted grain heads 7. Seedling Growth Inhibitors Seedling growth inhibitors interfere with new plant growth, thereby reducing the ability of seedlings to develop normally in the soil. Herbicides in these families must be soil-applied. These herbicides are only effective on seedling of annual or perennial weeds. * 7. Seedling Growth Inhibitors These herbicides include both seedling root inhibitors and shoot inhibitors. (1)The root inhibitors interrupt cell division (mitosis) stopping root growth in seedling plants.(2)The shoot inhibitors disrupt protein synthesis, cell division, cell enlargement and weaken cell membranes.(3) The microtubule assembly inhibitor. * 7. Seedling Growth Inhibitors The seedling shoot and root inhibitors (acetamides, such as alachlor甲草胺, acetochlor乙草胺,butachlor丁草胺) Acetamide (乙酰胺) herbicides are used preemergence or with shallow soil incorporation to control annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds in a variety of crops. The acetamides do not control emerged plants. * 7. Seedling Growth Inhibitors The primary site of absorption and action of these herbicides on broadleaf species is the roots, while the primary site of absorption and action on grass species is the emerging shoot. * 7. Seedling Growth Inhibitors The acetamides are not readily translocated