非-维生素A原 类胡萝卜素在预防和治疗非酒精脂肪肝中的潜力.pptVIP

* * * The Potential of Non-Provitamin A Carotenoids for the Prevention and Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease 非-维生素A原 类胡萝卜素在预防和治疗非酒精脂肪肝中的潜力 * Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an obesity-associated spectrum of comorbidities defined by the presence of metabolic dysfunction(代谢功能障碍), oxidative stress（氧化应激）, inflammation（炎症）, and fibrosis in the liver （肝纤维化）. If left untreated, NAFLD can progress to cirrhosis（肝硬化）, liver failure（肝功能衰竭）, or hepatocellular carcinoma（肝癌）. * Epidemiology（流行病学） NAFLD is the most common cause of abnormal liver function among adults in the United States . The prevalence of this disease ranges between 25%–45% and it increases in parallel with other chronic comorbidities such as obesity, dyslipidemia（血脂异常）, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In fact, NAFLD is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. * Epidemiology（流行病学） the rising prevalence of obesity and T2DM in children and adolescents has caused NAFLD to emerge as the leading cause of chronic liver disease in this segment of the population as well * pathogenesis（发病机制） * Risk factors such as obesity, poor nutrition, Type-2 Diabetes, insulin resistance, and sedentary lifestyle cause an increment in the efflux of FFA (游离脂肪酸)from the adipose tissue to the liver. The increased FFA in hepatic tissue stimulates TG(甘油三酯) synthesis and accumulation. This excess of lipids induces an immune response, which causes the production of cytokines, ROS, and increased insulin resistance. Oxidative stress causes lipid peroxidation and tissue damage, amplifying the inflammatory response and leading to the progression of NAFLD. dietary therapies (饮食疗法) Standard dietary interventions for NAFLD include modifications of macronutrient（主要营养素）intake such as carbohydrate and fat restriction; however, given the vital role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and development of liver diseases, various antioxidants have been proposed as preventative and therapeuti