ppt课件-c h a p t e r6 o p t i c a l a m p l i f i e r s- universiti malaysia perlis（c h p t e r6 o p t i c l m p l我f e r s -马来西亚玻璃市大学）.pptVIP

Raman Amplifier Advantages Variable wavelength amplification possible Compatible with installed SM fibre Can be used to extend EDFAs Can result in a lower average power over a span, good for lower crosstalk Very broadband operation may be possible Disadvantages High pump power requirements, high pump power lasers have only recently arrived Sophisticated gain control needed Noise is also an issue Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) Basically a laser chip without any mirrors Metastable state has nanoseconds lifetime(- nonlinearity and crosstalk problems) Potential for switches and wavelength converters Semiconductor optical amplifiers, like their semiconductor-laser, consist of gain and passive regions. Layers of antireflective coatings prevent light from reflecting back into the circuit while the incoming signal stimulates electrons in the gain region Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) Semiconductor optical amplifiers are similar in construction to semiconductor lasers. They consist of a gain (active) section and a passive section constructed of a semiconductor material such as indium phosphide. The main difference is that SOAs are made with layers of antireflection coatings to prevent light from reflecting back into the circuit. Optical gain occurs as excited electrons in the semiconductor material are stimulated by incoming light signals; when current is applied across the p-n junction the process causes the photons to replicate, producing signal gain. The gain medium can be either a bulk or a multiple-quantum-well active layer. Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers (SOA’s) Laser diodes without end mirrors Fiber attached to both ends Amplified version of the optical signal is produced Advantage: bidirectional Drawbacks High-coupling losses High noise figure Semiconductor By adjusting the chemical composition of III-V semiconductors (typically GaInAsP) the band gap can be adjusted to give optical gain in the telecommunicatio