ppt课件-particularly sensitive sea area- m i m a（特别敏感海域- m我）.pptVIP

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2017-01-25 发布于四川
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ppt课件-particularly sensitive sea area- m i m a（特别敏感海域- m我）.ppt

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Designating a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area: Specifics, Processes and Issues Mohd Nizam Basiron Centre for Maritime Security and Environment MIMA Introduction Definition Areas designated as PSSA Designating a PSSA Issues in PSSA designation Straits of Malacca as a PSSA? Conclusions Introduction Shipping is an inherently risky business. Shipping incidents have led to the development of many maritime conventions aimed protecting life and the environment. One such convention is MARPOL 73/78 which has among its provisions the creation of Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSA). Paper intended to examine PSSA concept and issues related to designating a PSSA. Definition Ecologically, socially, economically, scientifically significant areas. Vulnerable to impact of international shipping. Require protection through IMO actions. Associated protective measures may be put in place (IMO 2006). PSSA was first mooted in 1985 and adopted in 1991. Designating a PSSA Revised Guidelines for the Identification and Designation of PSSA stipulates roles of State/s and the IMO Designating a PSSA – States’ role Assess based on criteria in Sect. 4 of revised guidelines. Submit application with the following information: - vulnerability of area to damage by international shipping. - proposed associated protective measures Coordinate if two or more States involved. Criteria for PSSA designation Ecological criteria 4.4.1 Uniqueness or rarity 4.4.2 Critical habitat 4.4.3 Dependency 4.4.4 Representativeness 4.4.5 Diversity 4.4.6 Productivity 4.4.7 Spawning or breeding grounds 4.4.8 Naturalness 4.4.9 Integrity ecological entity. 4.4.10 Fragility 4.4.11 Bio-geographic importance Social, cultural and economic criteria 4.4.12 Social or economic dependency 4.4.13 Human dependency 4.4.14 Cultural heritage Scientific and educational criteria 4.4.15 Research 4.4.16 Baseline for monitoring studies 4.4.17 Education Associated protective measures “Limited to actions that are to be, or have been