ppt课件-passive optical network- d s p c s p（无源光网络- d s p c s p）.pptVIP

Passive Optical Networks Yaakov (J) Stein May 2007 and Zvika Eitan Outline PON benefits Why fiber ? today’s high datarate networks are all based on optical fiber the reason is simple (examples for demonstration sake) twisted copper pair(s) 8 Mbps @ 3 km, 1.5 Mbps @ 5.5 km (ADSL) 1 Gb @ 100 meters (802.3ab) microwave 70 Mbps @ 30 km (WiMax) coax 10 Mbps @ 3.6 km (10BROAD36) 30 Mbps @ 30 km (cable modem) optical fiber 10 Mbps @ 2 km (10BASE-FL) 100 Mbps @ 400m (100BASE-FX) 1 Gbps @ 2km (1000BASE-LX) 10 Gbps @ 40 (80) km (10GBASE-E(Z)R) 40 Gbps @ 700 km [Nortel] or 3000 km [Verizon] Aside – why is fiber better ? attenuation per unit length reasons for energy loss copper: resistance, skin effect, radiation, coupling fiber: internal scattering, imperfect total internal reflection so fiber beats coax by about 2 orders of magnitude e.g. 10 dB/km for thin coax at 50MHz, 0.15 dB/km l =1550nm fiber noise ingress and cross-talk copper couples to all nearby conductors no similar ingress mechanism for fiber ground-potential, galvanic isolation, lightning protection copper can be hard to handle and dangerous no concerns for fiber Why not fiber ? fiber beats all other technologies for speed and reach but fiber has its own problems harder to splice, repair, and need to handle carefully regenerators and even amplifiers are problematic more expensive to deploy than for copper digital processing requires electronics so need to convert back to electronics we will call the converter an optical transceiver optical transceivers are expensive switching easier with electronics (but possible with photonics) so pure fiber networks are topologically limited: point-to-point rings Access network bottleneck hard for end users to get high datarates because of the access bottleneck local area networks use copper cable get high datarates over short distances core networks use fiber optics get high datarate over long distances smal