初中英语词汇教学与策略 Learning Strategies The Techniques for ....pptVIP

初中英语词汇教学与策略Learning Strategies The Techniques for Teaching and Learning English Vocabulary in the Secondary School 深圳大学英语系 齐放 Email: qifang166@ 早期种子研究 into the `GOOD LANGUAGE LEARNER` Investigations focusing on the `good language learner` by Rubin (1975), Stern (1975). Rubin (1975: 45) suggested a list of seven strategies used by good language learners. She stated that the good language learners: 1. were willing and accurate guessers; 2. had a strong, persevering drive to communicate; 3. were often uninhibited and willing to make mistakes in order to learn or communicate; 种子研究 into the `GOOD LANGUAGE LEARNER` 4. focused on form by looking for patterns, classifying, and analyzing; 5. took advantage of all practice opportunities; 6. monitored their own speech and the speech of others; and 7. paid attention to meaning. The Seminal Studies into English Learning Strategies Bialystok (1979) examined the effects of using two functional strategies: inferencing (推断策略) and functional practising, and two formal strategies: monitoring (监控策略) and formal practising. The Seminal Studies into English Learning Strategies According to Bialystok (1979), inferencing referred to the process of inferring non-explicit meaning, and functional practising (功能练习)occurred when the learner used the language for actual communication or comprehension purposes. These two functional strategies were concerned with language use. The Seminal Studies into English Learning Strategies The other two language strategies, namely, two formal strategies, focused on language forms. Monitoring was a student’s self monitoring of his or her language performance in terms of form, while formal practising was the specific exercise of the language for the sake of mastering the rule system. O’Malley’s Research on English Learning Strategies A major research program in the 1980s was conducted by O’Malley and his colleagues with beginning and intermediate ESL learners. From the fin