语法填空专题指导.ppt

Thanks a lot! * 语法填空专题指导 语法填空是一篇大约200个词的短文，然后完成10个语法填空。考生应按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 考点设计 语法填空考查考生在篇章层面上理解并应用语法知识的能力，考试采用填空的形式，而不是选择填空。语法分析以分析句子结构为主，分析的内容主要包括：句子结构的构成（包括句子的基本结构和扩展成分）；句子成分之间的一致性，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；句子的篇章制约以及句子的意义制约等。 此题10个空白处考查名词、限定词（冠词）、连词、引导词、代词、动词等。其中有2 - 3个空白处要求考生使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，主要考查考生对动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词形式和构词法等知识的掌握情况。 解题思路： 一、先通读全文，掌握主旨大意，了解短文的体裁、题材、主体时态、主体内容、线索、写作意图、某观点、段落大意、逻辑层次等，即为“总”。在“总”读的过程中，可顺便完成某些空白。 二、在具体填空时，要正确理解挖空的句子的含义，并且分析其句子成分，判断该空白处需要填入的词。（1）在题中括号所给的词通常是实词如句词、动词、形容词等。 e.g. (1) In order to go abroad, she makes great __________ (effort) to study English. (2) He bought me a ___________ (value) diamond ring as a birthday present. (3) He got to the station ___________ (hurry) but didn’t meet Mr. Brown. ①名词： (a)单复数； (b)名词变形词或副词。 efforts valuable hurriedly ②动词：(a)作谓语要考虑时态或语态的变化。 (b)作非谓语时，要考虑用不定式（to do)、~ing形式还是 ~ed分词。(c)动词变名词。 e.g. (1) I know Mr Brown; we _________________ (introduce) to each other at an international conference last September. (2) ____________ (sleep) late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm clock. (3) This February , he made a __________ (decide) to leave the school after failing five courses. were introduced To sleep decision ③形容词： (a) 形容词变名词或副词。(b)用形 容词的比较级还是最高级。 e.g. (1) After hearing the old man’s words, I was __________ (deep) touched and made up my mind to start all over again. (2) Working experience helps them understand the society__________ (well) and improve their communicating skills. deeply better ①冠词：通常是在单数名词前面通常要加冠词。 （2）根据上下文填入适当的词，通常要填入冠 词、介词、连词等。 e.g. (1)I earn 10 dollars ____ hour as a cashier on Sundays. (2) Jack has _____ good knowledge of history especially ______ history of the Ming Period. an a the ②介词：通常是与动词、名词、形容词的固定 搭配。 e.g. (1) The new railway station is still ________ construction. (2) I am short ______ money. Can you lend me some. (3) He suddenly returned ______