Social Psychology Personal PerspectivesChapter 14社会心理学个人观点第14章.pptVIP

Psychotherapy (Chapter 19) Second Lecture Outline: Humanistic therapies Drug and behavior therapies Cognitive-behavioral approaches Video 101: Cognitive-behavioral Humanistic Therapies “Clients” in stead of “Patients” moves away from medical model Client-centered therapy is non-directive, assumes free-will Clients will sort out their problems if therapists are genuine (honest), give unconditional positive regard (self-worth), and acknowledge client feelings (empathy) Psychotropic drug therapies Antipsychotic drugs: Phenothiazines Cloropromazine: Block’s dopamine reuptake Antidepressant drugs: MAO Inhibitors and tricylics (e.g., Prozac) increase serotonin norepinephrine in synapse Barbituates and Benzodiazepines valium, librium: relax muscles and tranquilize barbituates: CNS depressant, addictive, lethal Concerns: Side effects, toxicity, latency Behavior therapy Treatment of symptoms, objective behaviors, scientific methods single subject designs Counterconditioning: stimulus response is replaced by alternative response Aversion therapy: e.g., anta-abuse Systematic desensitization: Relaxation paired with gradually more threatening images and experiences, e.g., dog phobia, sex therapy Behavior therapy (continued) Extinction procedures Flooding: Exposure to threatening stimuli, e.g., fear of flying Implosion therapy: Imagine you are confronted with very threatening stimuli Operant conditioning token economy: earned tokens based on a system of rewards and punishers behavioral contract: e.g., gain weight to earn privilege Modeling People can learn adaptive behaviors by having them modeled Age, credentials, similarity of the model is important Example: Social skills training videotapes function by having appropriate behavior demonstrated Example: Parent training with “bug in the ear” Cognitive-Behavioral Approaches Clients change their behavior by changing their cognitions Goal: change how people think about things Rational-emotive behavior therapy C