透析中考英语语法主谓一致考点.doc

透析中考英语语法主谓一致考点 【语法概说】 【主谓一致命题趋势与预测】 根据对主谓一致部分全国各地试题的分析可知，今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为： 主谓一致的语法一致原则 主谓一致的整体一致原则 主谓一致的就近一致原则 主谓一致的意义一致原则 主谓一致的附加原则 【考点诠释】 一、由or, either... or... , neither... nor... , not only...but also... , whether...or...等连接并列主语时,常采用就近原则,动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。 【考例】Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China．[临沂市] A．will visit B. has visited C．have visited D ．visited [答案]B ．[解析]本题既考查时态，又考查并列连词not only．．．but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China，可判断用现在完成时，排除A、D两项；not only．．．but also连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词要用“就近原则。 Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [07年潍坊市] A．have been；a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D．has been; both [答案]B．[解析]考查neither．．．nor的用法，以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时，谓语用“就近原则”，cousins是复数，谓语用have been，排除C和D项；指两者用both。 二、 the number of + 复数名词,主语是the number(数量),谓语动词用单数;a number of +复数名词,主语是复数名词,a number of作定语, 相当于many,谓语动词用复数。 【考例】Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. (2004包头) A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers 答案：A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。（deer单复数相同） The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty. (2004山东烟台A. student, is　　　　B. the students, areC. the students, is　　　　D. students, are C [命题立意]：本题考查主谓一致的用法。 [试题解析]：the number of 后接复数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。 三、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。 【考例】As the saying ________,Where there is a will; there is a way. [昆明市] A. go B. goes C. going D. went [答案]B．[解析] the saying为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词用goes。 但what从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数。 What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。 四、and连接的两个单数名词作主语。 【考例】 Trees and flowers ________every year to make our country more beautiful. [陕西省] A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. were planted [答案]C．[解析] every year说明本句表示的是一般现在时的概念，去掉B、D项；trees