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Silicon heterojunction solar cells with electron selective TiOx contact.pdf

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Silicon heterojunction solar cells with electron selective TiOx contact.pdf

Solar Energy Materials Solar Cells 150 (2016) 32–38 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Solar Energy Materials Solar Cells journal homepage: /locate/solmat Silicon heterojunction solar cells with electron selective TiOx contact Xinbo Yang n, Peiting Zheng, Qunyu Bi, Klaus Weber Research School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia article info Article history: Received 21 July 2015 Received in revised form 28 December 2015 Accepted 15 January 2016 Available online 17 February 2016 Keywords: Solar cells Titanium dioxide Carrier selective contact Heterojunctions abstract Silicon solar cells featuring carrier selective contacts have been demonstrated to reach ultra-high conversion ef?ciency. In this work, the electron-selective contact characteristics of ultrathin TiOx ?lms deposited by atomic layer deposition on silicon are investigated via simultaneous consideration of the surface passivation quality and the contact resistivity. Thin TiOx ?lms are demonstrated to provide not only good passivation to silicon surfaces, but also allow a relative low contact resistivity at the TiOx/Si heterojunction. A maximum implied open-circuit voltage (iVoc) of $ 703 mV is achieved with the pas- sivation of a 4.5 nm TiOx ?lm, and a relatively low contact resistivity of ( $ 0.25 Ω cm2 is obtained at the TiOx/n-Si heterojunction simultaneously. N-type silicon solar cell with the champion ef?ciency of 20.5% is achieved by the implementation of a full-area electron-selective TiOx contacts. A simulated ef?ciency of up to 23.7% is achieved on the n-type solar cell with a full-area TiOx contact. The ef?cient, low cost electron-transporting/hole-blocking TiOx layer enables the fabrication of high ef?ciency silicon solar cells with a simpli?ed process ?ow. 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction The main challenge in todays photovoltaics industry is to increase the conversion ef?ciency and to lower the production cost of sol