The influence of surface roughness on the contact stiffness and the contact filter effect in nonlinear wheel–track interaction.pdfVIP

Journal of Sound and Vibration 366 (2016) 429–446 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Sound and Vibration journal homepage: /locate/jsvi The in?uence of surface roughness on the contact stiffness and the contact ?lter effect in nonlinear wheel–track interaction Oskar E. Lundberg a,n, Anders Nordborg b, Ines Lopez Arteaga a,c a KTH Royal Institute of Technology, The Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory for Sound and Vibration Research (MWL), Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, SE 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden b Sound View Instruments, SE 276 36 Borrby, Sweden c Eindhoven University of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven, The Netherlands article info Article history: Received 14 July 2015 Received in revised form 19 November 2015 Accepted 8 December 2015 Handling Editor: H. Ouyang Available online 29 December 2015 Keywords: Wheel-rail contact Rolling noise excitation Roughness Surface topography Contact ?lter effect Contact stiffness abstract A state-dependent contact model including nonlinear contact stiffness and nonlinear contact ?ltering is used to calculate contact forces and rail vibrations with a time-domain wheel–track interaction model. In the proposed method, the full three-dimensional contact geometry is reduced to a point contact in order to lower the computational cost and to reduce the amount of required input roughness-data. Greens functions including the linear dynamics of the wheel and the track are coupled with a point contact model, leading to a numerically ef?cient model for the wheel–track interaction. Nonlinear effects due to the shape and roughness of the wheel and the rail surfaces are included in the point contact model by pre-calculation of functions for the contact stiffness and contact ?lters. Numerical results are compared to ?eld measurements of rail vibrations for passenger trains running at 200 kph on a ballast track. Moreover, the in?uence of vehicle preload and different degrees of roughness excitation on the r