Vitamin A is generated in the lung surfactant in the role of the.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 26 Vitamin A is generated in the lung surfactant in the role of the Keywords: vitamin A; lung surface; active substance Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) is a neonatal common diseases, more common in premature infants is a type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell-wall synthesis and secretion of pulmonary surfactant (PS) inadequate. Are known to PS generation is the key to lung maturity, and its expression regulation by various factors, such as the glucocorticoid hormone, thyrotropin-releasing hormone and so on. In recent years, vitamin A (VA) in the role of PS generated increasing attention. For the prevention and treatment NRDS, outside the VA to promote lung maturation and PS research has generated more in-depth. A pulmonary surfactant Type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cell-wall synthesis of PS, stored in lamellar body, and then secreted to the alveoli, located in gas-liquid interface, can reduce alveolar surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse, maintaining alveolar expansion. PS as a phospholipid-protein complexes, containing 85% ~ 90% phospholipids, 8% ~ 10% protein, 5% of neutral fat and a small amount of inorganic salt. Phospholipid lecithin (PC) content in the highest, most important of which is dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), There are also other phospholipid components, such as phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and so on. Protein content of 2% of the non-lung-specific serum-derived proteins that surfactant protein (SP), is divided into SP  A, SP  B, SP  C and SP  D, they are the PS necessary to reduce alveolar surface tension material. DPPC can not be quickly from the bottom to the surface of liquid, surface DPPC molecules can not quickly form a monolayer, SP to promote the distribution of phospholipids to the liquid surface and spread. Hydrophobic SP  B and SP  C most powerful, can independently play a physiological effect, with the SP  C, compared, SP  B of the rol