Effects of runoff thresholds on flood frequency distributions.docVIP

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Effects of runoff thresholds on flood frequency distributions.doc

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Effects of runoff thresholds on flood frequency distributions

Hydrol.EarthSyst.Sci.Discuss.,5,903–933,2008 /5/903/2008/ ?Author(s)2008.Thisworkisdistributedunder theCreativeCommonsAttribution3.0License. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences HESSD 5,903–933,2008 Discussions E?ectsofruno? thresholdson?ood frequency PaperspublishedinHydrologyandEarthSystemSciencesDiscussionsareunder open-accessreviewforthejournalHydrologyandEarthSystemSciences distributions A.Gioiaetal. E?ectsofruno?thresholdson?ood TitlePage frequencydistributions Abstract Conclusions Tables Introduction References Figures A.Gioia ,V.Iacobellis ,S.Manfreda ,andM.Fiorentino2 1 1 2 1DipartimentodiIngegneriadelleAcqueediChimica,PolitecnicodiBari,Bari,Italia 2DipartimentodiIngegneriaeFisicadell’Ambiente,Universita` degliStudidellaBasilicata, Potenza,Italia J J I I Received:17January2008–Accepted:17January2008–Published:1April2008 Correspondenceto:A.Gioia(a.gioia@poliba.it) Back Close PublishedbyCopernicusPublicationsonbehalfoftheEuropeanGeosciencesUnion. FullScreen/Esc Printer-friendlyVersion InteractiveDiscussion 903 Abstract HESSD Runo? generation during extreme ?oods usually occurs whenever rainfall forcing ex- ceeds a given threshold. In many cases, di?erent thresholds may be identi?ed as responsibleofthehydrologicallossesduringordinaryeventsorextraordinaryevents at the basin scale. Such thresholds are shown to be related to the dynamics of soil saturationoftheriverbasinandtoaccountforthehighskewnessoftheirannual?ood distributions. Inbasinswhereordinary?oodsaremostlyduetoasmallportionofthe surfacewhichisparticularlypronetoproduceruno?,dependingonpermeabilityofa river basin and its antecedent soil moisture conditions, severe rainfall may exceed a 10 basin-widesoilstoragethresholdandproducetheso-calledoutliereventsresponsible of the high skewness of ?oods distributions. In this context, the derived theoretical model based on the concept of variable contributing area to peak ?ow proposed by Iacobellis and Fiorentino (2000) was generalized with the aim of in