中国页岩气开发环境成本计量研究及政策建议.pdfVIP

环境工程 180 Environmental Engineering 中国页岩气开发环境成本计量研究及政策建议* 郭端l 罗东坤1 ， 2 李慧1 (1.中国石油大学(北京)工商管理学院，北京 102249; 2. 重庆地质矿产研究院，重庆 400042) 摘要:页岩气的开发过程中会产生潜在的环境污染问题且随着页岩气开发进程的推进，环境问题会逐渐凸显，因此对 页岩气开发产生的环境问题进行量化描述显得尤为重要。针对页岩气开发带来的负面和正面环境影响，如水资源耗 费、地下水污染、大气污染、生态环境破坏、地质灾害和替代煤炭节约的环境效益等，结合环境成本理论分别给出各方 面环境成本的量化模型;综合各项环境成本因素，建立了页岩气开发环境成本量化模型，综合分析页岩气开发对环境 的影响程度;建议完善页岩气企业环境成本信息披露体系，以环境报告书方式披露环境成本信息，增加透明度以消除 公众疑虑，同时建立环境污染补偿机制，最大限度减少页岩气开发带来的环境成本。 关键词:页岩气开发;环境影响;成本计量;评价模型;政策建议 DOI: 10, 13205/j, hjgc. 201603037 THE RESEARCH OF ENVIRON岛IENTAL COST 岛1EASURE岛IENT AND POLICY RECOM岛1ENDATIONS FOR SHALE GAS DEVELOP岛1ENT IN CHINA GUO Rui , LUO Dong-kun ,,2 , 11 Hui (1. School of Business Administration , China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249 , China 2. Chongqing lnstitute of Geology and Mineral Resources , Chongqing 400042 , China) Abstract: In the process of shale gas development , the potential environmental pollution problems were appeared , which will gradually highlights with the advance of shale gas development , so it is significant to determine exactly how shale gas development affects on the environment and how to measure quantitatively. For the negative and positive environmental impacts in the process of shale gas development , such as the consumption of water resources , groundwater contamination , air pollution , ecological damage , geological disasters , and the environmental benefits of clean energy , this paper proposed of environmental cost measurement model in each aspects combining the theory of environmental cost; established environmental costs ec