Antigen-Based Immune Therapeutics for Type 1 Diabetes Magic Bullets or Ordinary Blanks英文文献资料.docVIP

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Antigen-Based Immune Therapeutics for Type 1 Diabetes Magic Bullets or Ordinary Blanks英文文献资料.doc

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Antigen-Based Immune Therapeutics for Type 1 Diabetes Magic Bullets or Ordinary Blanks英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation ClinicalandDevelopmentalImmunology Volume2011,ArticleID286248,15pages doi:10.1155/2011/286248 ReviewArticle Antigen-BasedImmuneTherapeuticsforType1Diabetes: MagicBulletsorOrdinaryBlanks? SlobodanCulina,1,2ChristianBoitard,1,2,3andRobertoMallone1,2,3 1 2 3 INSERM,U986,DeARLabAvenir,SaintVincentdePaulHospital,82avenueDenfertRochereau,75674ParisCedex14,France Universit′eParis-Descartes,75006Paris,France AssistancePubliqueH?opitauxdeParis,H?otelDieu,ServicedeDiab′etologie,75181Paris,France CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoRobertoMallone,roberto.mallone@inserm.fr Received16January2011;Revised7March2011;Accepted8March2011 AcademicEditor:AzizAlamiChentou? Copyright?2011SlobodanCulinaetal. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Theidealdrugofmodernmedicineistheonethatachievesitstherapeutictargetwithminimaladversee?ects.Immunetherapyof Type1diabetes(T1D)isnoexception,andknowledgeoftheantigenstargetedbypathogenicTcellso?ersauniqueopportunity towardsthisgoal.Di?erentantigenformulationsarebeingconsidered,suchasproteinsorpeptides,eitherintheirnativeform ormodi?edadhoc,DNAplasmids,andcell-basedagents.Translationfrommousetohumanshouldtakeintoaccountimportant di?erences,particularlyinthetimescaleofautoimmuneprogression,andintervention.Criticalparameterssuchasadministration route,dosingandintervalremainlargelyempiricalandneedtobefurtherdissected. T1Dstagingthroughimmunesurrogate markersbeforeandaftertreatmentwillbekeyinunderstandingtherapeuticactionsandto?nallyturnordinaryblanksintomagic bullets. 1.Introduction 2.TranslatingtheNODMouseintoHuman Type 1diabetes(T1D),one ofthe most commonautoim- munediseases,stemsfromdefectsincentralandperipheral tolerance that lead to progressive T-cell-mediated destruc- tionof insulin-producing β cells in pancreatic islets. Clin- ically, this destruction