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Bile Acid Signaling in Liver Metabolism and Diseases英文文献资料.doc

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Bile Acid Signaling in Liver Metabolism and Diseases英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation JournalofLipids Volume2012,ArticleID754067,9pages doi:10.1155/2012/754067 ReviewArticle BileAcidSignalinginLiverMetabolismandDiseases TiangangLiandJohnY.L.Chiang DepartmentofIntegrativeMedicalSciences,NortheastOhioMedicalUniversity,Rootstown,Ohio,OH44272,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoJohnY.L.Chiang,jchiang@ Received10June2011;Accepted4August2011 AcademicEditor:WilliamM.Pandak Copyright?2012T.LiandJ.Y.L.Chiang.Thisisanopenaccessarticledistributed undertheCreative CommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Obesity,diabetes,andmetabolicsyndromesareincreasinglyrecognizedashealthconcernsworldwide.Overnutritionandinsulin resistancearethemajorcausesofdiabetichyperglycemiaandhyperlipidemiainhumans.Studiesinthepastdecadeprovideevi- dencethatbileacidsarenotjustbiologicaldetergentsfacilitatinggutnutrientabsorption,butalsoimportantmetabolicregulators ofglucoseandlipidhomeostasis.Pharmacologicalalterationofbileacidmetabolismorbileacidsignalingpathwayssuchasusing bileacidreceptoragonistsorbileacidbindingresinsmaybeapromisingtherapeuticstrategyforthetreatmentofobesityand diabetes.Ontheotherhand,bileacidsignalingiscomplex,andthemolecularmechanismsmediatingthebileacide?ectsarestill notcompletelyunderstood.Thispaperwillsummarizerecentadvancesinourunderstandingofbileacidsignalinginregulation ofglucoseandlipidmetabolism,andthepotentialsofdevelopingnoveltherapeuticstrategiesthattargetbileacidmetabolismfor thetreatmentofmetabolicdisorders. 1.Introduction 2.BileAcidSynthesis Bileacidsareproducedonlyintheliverastheendproducts of cholesterol catabolism [1, 2]. In addition to the classic functionofbileacidsinfacilitating hepatobiliarysecretion of endogenous metabolites and xenobiotics and intestine absorptionoflipophilicnutrients,bileacidsalsoplayequal- ly important roles in controlling the metabolism of glu- coseandlipidsintheenterohepaticsystem,andene