Biomarkers in Overactive Bladder A New Objective and Noninvasive Tool英文文献资料.docVIP

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Biomarkers in Overactive Bladder A New Objective and Noninvasive Tool英文文献资料.doc

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Biomarkers in Overactive Bladder A New Objective and Noninvasive Tool英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation AdvancesinUrology Volume2011,ArticleID382431,7pages doi:10.1155/2011/382431 ReviewArticle BiomarkersinOveractiveBladder:ANewObjectiveand NoninvasiveTool? TiagoAntunes-Lopes,1,2,3S′ergioCarvalho-Barros,3,4C′elia-DuarteCruz, 3,4 FranciscoCruz,1,2,3andCarlosMartins-Silva1,2,3 1 2 3 4 DepartmentofUrology,HospitaldeS.Jo?ao,4200-319Porto,Portugal FacultyofMedicine,UniversityofPorto,4200-319Porto,Portugal InstitutodeBiologiaeMoleculareCelular(IBMC),UniversityofPorto,4150-180Porto,Portugal InstituteofHistologyandEmbryology,FacultyofMedicine,UniversityofPorto,4200-319Porto,Portugal CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoTiagoAntunes-Lopes,tiagoantuneslopes@ Received1March2011;Accepted28March2011 AcademicEditor:ErvinKocjancic Copyright?2011TiagoAntunes-Lopesetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Overactivebladdersyndrome(OAB)isahighlyprevalenturinarydysfunction,withconsiderableeconomicandhumancosts. Clinical diagnosis of OAB is still based on subjective symptoms. A new accurate, objective and noninvasive test to diagnose OABandassesstherapeuticoutcomeislacking.Recentstudiesinlowerurinarytract(LUT)dysfunctions,particularlyinOAB patients,indicatethaturinaryproteins(neurotrophins,prostaglandins,andcytokines),serumCreactiveprotein,anddetrusor wallthicknessarealtered,andsuchchangescouldbeusedasbiomarkersofthedisease.Nowadays,increasingemphasishasbeen giventotheroleofurinaryneurotrophins,namelynervegrowthfactor(NGF)andbrainderivedneurotrophicfactor(BDNF), askeyplayersinsomeurinarydysfunctions.Althoughrecentlyconsideredtobeabladderdysfunctionbiomarker,urinaryNGF presents low sensitivity and speci?city. Preliminary results suggest that BDNF may serve as a more e?cient biomarker. Even thoughwehavetowaitforfuturestudiestocon?rmthepotentialroleofNGFandBDNFasOABbiomarkers,itisalreadyclear thatneurotrophinswillco