Biomarkers in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) to Assess the Impacts of River Nile Pollution Bioaccumulation, Biochemical and Tissues Biomarkers英文文献资料.docVIP

Journal of Environmental Protection, 2012, 3, 966-977 /10.4236/jep.2012.328112 Published Online August 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jep) Biomarkers in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) to Assess the Impacts of River Nile Pollution: Bioaccumulation, Biochemical and Tissues Biomarkers Alaa G. M. Osman 1,2 1 Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Assiut Branch), Assiut, Egypt; Department of Ecophysiology 2 and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany. Email: osman@igb-berlin.de Received June 7 , 2012; revised July 6 , 2012; accepted August 2 , 2012 th th nd ABSTRACT The use of biomarkers has become an important tool for modern environmental assessment as they can help to predict pollutants involved in the monitoring program. Here I present data on bioaccumulation, biochemical and tissues bio- markers in Nile tilapia as early warning indicators of river Nile pollution. Nile tilapia sampled from downstream sites accumulated higher levels of all the detected heavy metals than those collected from upstream sites. Heavy metal resi- dues in the tissues of Nile tilapia exhibited different patterns of accumulation and distribution among the selected tis- sues. Remarkable alterations in the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and lactate dehydro- genase (LDH) in the tissues of Nile tilapia were detected. These alterations were followed, in the present study, by the occurrence of histological lesions in liver and gill tissues of fish collected from the same sites. Alterations in bioac- cumulation patterns, in enzyme activities and in histology go in parallel with the elevation in the levels of water chemi- cal parameters detected in the downstream sites as a result of pollution st