Bone blood flow is influenced by muscle contractions英文文献资料.docVIP

J. Biomedical Science and Engineering, 2011, 4, 490-496 JBiSE doi:10.4236/jbise.2011.47062 Published Online July 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jbise/). Bone blood flow is influenced by muscle contractions Jan Erik N?slund , Sofie N?slund , Erik Lundeberg , Lars-G?ran Lindberg , Iréne Lund 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 3 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; G?vle Hospital, G?vle, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Link?ping University, Link?ping, Sweden. Email: Jan.E.Naslund@ki.se; s_n_a_s@; erik_lundeberg@; larli@imt.liu.se; Irene.Lund@ki.se Received 18 April 2011; revised 11 May 2011; accepted 27 May, 2011. ABSTRACT and are remodeled in response to mechanical loading. It is however not totally agreed on how forces acting on bone cells influence bone morphology (mechanotrans- duction), but the importance of solute transport for cel- lular mechanotransduction [1] and cellular excitation due to interstitial fluid flow (IFF) have been implicated [2]. The contribution of strain in terms of magnitude, rate, cycles and unusual distribution, is still a matter of debate [3]. Also, the originating source of loading like gravita- tional loading and muscle loading have both been proven influencing different aspects of skeletal morphology [4-5], while it has been discussed which type of loading is the most important for bone health [6]. The relative contribution of each type will most likely depend on the specific activity, the location of the bone in question within the skeleton, and whether the bone is weight- baring or not [2]. In humans, gravitational loading acts predominantly on the lower limb and on the axial skele- ton. Non-weight bearing bones like scapula, ribs, cranial bones, and