Breast Cancer in Developing Countries Opportunities for Improved Survival英文文献资料.docVIP

HindawiPublishingCorporation JournalofOncology Volume2010,ArticleID595167,6pages doi:10.1155/2010/595167 ResearchArticle BreastCancerinDevelopingCountries: OpportunitiesforImprovedSurvival LawrenceN.Shulman, WalterWillett, AmySievers, andFeliciaM.Knaul 1 2 1 3 1 2 3 Dana-FarberCancerInstitute,44BinneyStreet,Boston,MA02115,USA DepartmentofNutrition,HarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,665HuntingtonAvenue,Boston,MA02115-6018,USA HarvardGlobalEquityInitiative,651HuntingtonAvenue,Boston,MA02115,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoLawrenceN.Shulman,lawrence shulman@ Received16May2010;Revised7August2010;Accepted19October2010 AcademicEditor:WahYunLow Copyright?2010LawrenceN.Shulmanetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. Breast cancer survival in the USA has continually improved over the last six decades and has largely been accredited to the use of mammography, advanced surgical procedures, and adjuvant therapies. Data indicate, however, that there were substantialimprovementsinsurvivalintheUSAevenpriortothesetechnologicalanddiagnosticadvances,suggestingimportant opportunitiesforearlydetectionandtreatmentinlow-andmiddle-incomecountrieswheretheseoptionsareoftenunavailable and/oruna?ordable.Thus,whilecontinuingtostriveforincreasedaccesstomoreadvancedtechnology,improvingsurvivalin these settings should be more immediately achievable through increased awareness of breast cancer and of the potential for successfultreatment,ahigh-qualityprimarycaresystemwithouteconomicorculturalbarrierstoaccess,andawell-functioning referralsystemforbasicsurgicalandhormonaltreatment. 1.Introduction totheroutineuseofmammographyoradjuvanttherapy,sig- ni?cantimprovementsweremadeinbreastcancersurvival, andthesecanbetracedtorelativelylow-costinterventions thatarestillinuseinhigh-incomecountries.Understand