Cancer Tumor Iron Metabolism, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Tumor Immunosuppression; “A Tight Partnership—Was Warburg Correct”英文文献资料.docVIP

Journal of Cancer Therapy, 2012, 3, 278-311 /10.4236/jct.2012.34039 Published Online August 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/jct) Cancer: Tumor Iron Metabolism, Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Tumor Immunosuppression; “A Tight Partnership—Was Warburg Correct?” Robert L. Elliott, Jonathan F. Head Elliott-Barnett-Head Breast Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Baton Rouge, USA. Email: relliott@ Received May 25 , 2012; revised June 26 , 2012; accepted July 31 , 2012 th th st ABSTRACT Over the last 30 years there have been numerous worldwide investigators involved in cancer research. Billions of dol- lars have been spent on drug development and cancer research; however, with all of the new agents and modalities of treatment, we have honestly not significantly improved the overall survival of the Stage IV cancer patient. There is and will not be a magic bullet treatment, thus the extensive title of this paper. We are convinced that unless we use multiple innovative therapies in combination with conventional treatment, we will never truly defeat this disease. We have at- tempted to address this problem by presenting in detail some of these complex mechanisms involved in tumorigenesis, progression, escape, and metastasis. Most investigators have their own special area of interest, but if we are to conquer this scourge, we must develop an extensive, multifaceted, comprehensive approach. Hopefully this article will contri- bute to awareness and further insight into this very serious and complicated problem, so we can improve quality of life and improve the survival of the Stage IV cancer patient. Keywords: Tumor Iron Metabolism; Mitochondrial Iron Metabolism; Mitochondrial Dysfunction; Tumor Immunosuppression; Hypoxia Inducible Factor; Pseudohypoxia 1. Introduction major players in tumorigenesis are: 1) Tumor iron me- t