Carbon Flux of Down Woody Materials in Forests of the North Central United States英文文献资料.docVIP

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Carbon Flux of Down Woody Materials in Forests of the North Central United States英文文献资料.doc

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Carbon Flux of Down Woody Materials in Forests of the North Central United States英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation InternationalJournalofForestryResearch Volume2010,ArticleID413703,9pages doi:10.1155/2010/413703 ResearchArticle CarbonFluxofDownWoodyMaterialsinForestsof theNorthCentralUnitedStates C.W.Woodall USDAForestService,NorthernResearchStation,SaintPaul,MN55108,USA CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoC.W.Woodall,cwoodall@fs.fed.us Received9June2009;Revised13October2009;Accepted5November2009 AcademicEditor:HamishKimmins Copyright?2010C.W.Woodall.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Across large scales, the carbon (C) ?ux of down woody material (DWM) detrital pools has largely been simulated based on foreststandattributes(e.g.,standageandforesttype).TheannualchangeinforestDWMCstocksandotherattributes(e.g., sizeanddecayclasschanges)wasassessedusingaforestinventoryinthenorthcentralUnitedStatestoprovideanempirical assessmentofstrategic-scaleDWMC?ux.UsingDWMinventorydatafromtheUSDAForestService’sForestInventoryand Analysisprogram,DWMCstockswerefoundtoberelativelystaticacrossthestudyregionwithanannual?uxratenotstatistically di?erentfromzero.MeanC?uxratesacrossthestudyareawere?0.25,?0.12,?0.01,and?0.04(Mg/ha/yr)forstandinglivetrees, standingdeadtrees,coarsewoodydebris,and?newoodydebris,respectively.Fluxratesvariedintheirbothmagnitudeandstatus (emission/sequestration)byforesttypes,latitude,andDWMcomponentsize.GiventhecomplexdynamicsofDWMC?ux,early implementationofinventoryremeasurement,andrelativelylowsamplesize,numerousfutureresearchdirectionsaresuggested. 1.Introduction emissionsintheUnitedStates[3].TerrestrialforestCpools, suchasFWDandCWD,oftenrepresentabalancebetween thein?uxofCO2 ?xedinphotosynthesisandthee?uxof CO2 through woody decay processes [4]. The decay rates of any individual piece of forest dead wood is determined bysubstratequality,microbialactivity,airtemperature,and availablemoisture[5].Si