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A Novel Design Principle for the Insect Odorant Receptor 英文参考文献
Synopses of Research Articles
Looping Out Introns to Help Splicing
Richard Robinson | DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040041
One of the most surprising discoveries
in molecular biology was that a gene’s
coding region is broken up into smaller
pieces (the exons) interrupted by
noncoding portions called introns.
After the DNA is transcribed into RNA,
and before the RNA can leave the
nucleus, the introns must be cut out
and the exons spliced together.
help the splicing machinery remove
the intron. The authors further
support their model by showing that
splicing could also be stimulated just
by inserting complementary RNA
sequences at each end of the intron.
These have the ability to bind to one
another, forming the intron into a
loop.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0040041.g001
Since introns were discovered
However, they note that in some
introns, only one hnRNP A/B site,
positioned on the upstream end, is
needed to promote splicing, and it
does so nearly as well as when sites at
both ends are present. The reason may
lie in the particular introns that display
this behavior—they contain a sequence
which may itself bind an hnRNP A/B
protein, thus providing the missing
binding site and leading to loop
formation. Con?rmation or refutation
of this hypothesis will have to await
future experiments. Notwithstanding,
the model is generally appealing
because the two ends of many human
introns are enriched in binding sites for
these proteins. Overall, this mechanism
suggests that hnRNP proteins can
remodel the structure of prespliced
RNAs, a property, the authors suggest,
that could be important for both
splicing and alternative splicing in a
wide variety of genes.
Two hnRNP proteins interact to connect
the two ends of an intron, forming a loop to
help the cell’s splicing machinery remove
the intron.
in 1977, the details of the splicing
operations have been a major object
of study. For splicing to occur, the
ends of an intron must be brought
into close proximity, and a number of
protei
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