Metabolic Engineering Plant Seeds with Fish Oil-Like Levels of DHA 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Metabolic Engineering Plant Seeds with Fish Oil-Like Levels of DHA 英文参考文献.doc

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Metabolic Engineering Plant Seeds with Fish Oil-Like Levels of DHA 英文参考文献

MetabolicEngineeringPlantSeedswithFishOil-Like LevelsofDHA JamesR.Petrie1,PushkarShrestha1,Xue-RongZhou2,MagedP.Mansour1,3,QingLiu1,SrinivasBelide1, PeterD.Nichols1,3,SurinderP.Singh1* 1CSIROFoodFuturesNationalResearchFlagship,Canberra,AustralianCapitalTerritory,Australia,2CSIROPlantIndustry,Canberra,AustralianCapitalTerritory,Australia, 3CSIROMarineandAtmosphericResearch,Hobart,Tasmania,Australia Abstract Background:Omega-3long-chain($C20)polyunsaturatedfattyacids(v3LC-PUFA)havecriticalrolesinhumanhealthand developmentwithstudiesindicatingthatdeficienciesinthesefattyacidscanincreasetheriskorseverityofcardiovascular andinflammatorydiseasesinparticular.Thesefattyacidsarepredominantlysourcedfromfishandalgaloils,butitiswidely recognised that there is an urgent need for an alternative and sustainable source of EPA and DHA. Since the earliest demonstrationsofv3LC-PUFAengineeringtherehasbeengoodprogressinengineeringtheC EPAwithseedfattyacid 20 levelssimilartothatobservedinbulkfishoil(,18%),althoughundesirablev6PUFAlevelshavealsoremainedhigh. Methodology/Principal Findings: The transgenic seed production of the particularly important C22 DHA has been problematic with many attempts resulting in the accumulation of EPA/DPA, but only a few percent of DHA. This study describestheproductionofupto15%oftheC22fattyacidDHAinArabidopsisthalianaseedoilwithahighv3/v6ratio.This wasachievedusingatransgenicpathwaytoincreasetheC18ALAwhichwasthenconvertedtoDHAbyamicroalgalD6- desaturasepathway. Conclusions/Significance: The amount of DHA described in this study exceeds the 12% level at which DHA is generally found in bulk fish oil. This is a breakthrough in the development of sustainable alternative sources of DHA as this technologyshouldbeapplicableinoilseedcrops.OnehectareofaBrassicanapuscropcontaining12%DHAinseedoil wouldproduceasmuchDHAasapproximately10,000fish. Citation:PetrieJR,ShresthaP,ZhouX-R,MansourMP,LiuQ,etal.(2012)MetabolicEngineeringPlantSeedswithFishOil-LikeLevelsof