Opportunities for Web-Based Indicators in Environmental Sciences 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Opportunities for Web-Based Indicators in Environmental Sciences 英文参考文献.doc

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Opportunities for Web-Based Indicators in Environmental Sciences 英文参考文献

OpportunitiesforWeb-BasedIndicatorsin EnvironmentalSciences SergioMalcevschi1,AgneseMarchini1,DarioSavini1*,TullioFacchinetti2 1DipartimentodiScienzedellaTerraedell’Ambiente,UniversityofPavia,Pavia,Italy,2DipartimentodiIngegneriaIndustrialeedell’Informazione,UniversityofPavia, Pavia,Italy Abstract Thispaperproposesasetofweb-basedindicatorsforquantifyingandrankingtherelevanceoftermsrelatedtokey-issues in Ecology and Sustainability Science. Search engines that operate in different contexts (e.g. global, social, scientific) are considered as web information carriers (WICs) and are able to analyse; (i) relevance on different levels: global web, individual/personalsphere,on-linenews,andculture/science;(ii)timetrendsofrelevance;(iii)relevanceofkeywords for environmental governance. For the purposes of this study, several indicators and specific indices (relational indices and dynamic indices) were applied to a test-set of 24 keywords. Outputs consistently show that traditional study topics in environmentalsciencessuchaswaterandairhaveremainedthemostquantitativelyrelevantkeywords,whileinterestin systemicissues(i.e.ecosystemandlandscape)hasgrownoverthelast20years.Nowadays,therelevanceofnewconcepts suchasresilienceandecosystemservicesisincreasing,buttheactualabilityoftheseconceptstoinfluenceenvironmental governanceneedstobefurtherstudiedandunderstood.Theproposedapproach,whichisbasedonintuitiveandeasily replicableprocedures,cansupportthedecision-makingprocessesrelatedtoenvironmentalgovernance. Citation: Malcevschi S, Marchini A, Savini D, Facchinetti T (2012) Opportunities for Web-Based Indicators in Environmental Sciences. PLoS ONE 7(8): e42128. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0042128 Editor:Matjazˇ Perc,UniversityofMaribor,Slovenia ReceivedDecember22,2011;AcceptedJuly2,2012;PublishedAugust15,2012 Copyright: ?2012Malcevschi etal.This isanopen-accessarticledistributed underthe terms ofthe Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,an