Peripheral blood but not synovial fluid natural killer T cells are biased towards a Th1-like phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Peripheral blood but not synovial fluid natural killer T cells are biased towards a Th1-like phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis 英文参考文献.doc

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Peripheral blood but not synovial fluid natural killer T cells are biased towards a Th1-like phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis 英文参考文献

Available online /content/7/3/R493 Research article Open Access Vol 7 No 3 Peripheral blood but not synovial fluid natural killer T cells are biased towards a Th1-like phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis Loes Linsen, Marielle Thewissen, Kurt Baeten, Veerle Somers, Piet Geusens, Jef Raus and Piet Stinissen Biomedisch Onderzoeksinstituut, Limburgs Universitair Centrum and School of Life Sciences, Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, Universitaire Campus, Diepenbeek, Belgium Corresponding author: Piet Stinissen, piet.stinissen@luc.ac.be Received: 13 Oct 2004 Revisions requested: 17 Nov 2004 Revisions received: 14 Jan 2005 Accepted: 19 Jan 2005 Published: 18 Feb 2005 Arthritis Research Therapy 2005, 7:R493-R502 (DOI 10.1186/ar1695) This article is online at: /content/7/3/R493 ? 2005 Linsen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/ 2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Natural killer T (NKT) cells have been implicated in the regulatory immune mechanisms that control autoimmunity. However, their precise role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) nonresponders expanded upon stimulation with α- galactosylceramide. Analysis of the cytokine profile of CD4+ and CD4- PBMC derived NKT cell lines from RA patients revealed a remains unclear. The frequency, cytokine profile and significantly reduced number of IL-4 producing cells. In contrast, synovial fluid derived NKT cell lines exhibited a Th0-like phenotype, which was comparable to that in healthy control individuals. This suggests that synovial fluid NKT cells are functional, even in patients with nonresponding NKT cells in their blood. We conclude that, because the number of Vα24+Vβ11+CD3+ NKT cells is decreased and the cytokine profile of