Role of Visible Light-Activated Photocatalyst on the Reduction of Anthrax Spore-Induced Mortality in Mice 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Role of Visible Light-Activated Photocatalyst on the Reduction of Anthrax Spore-Induced Mortality in Mice 英文参考文献.doc

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Role of Visible Light-Activated Photocatalyst on the Reduction of Anthrax Spore-Induced Mortality in Mice 英文参考文献

RoleofVisibleLight-ActivatedPhotocatalystonthe ReductionofAnthraxSpore-InducedMortalityinMice Jyh-HwaKau1.,Der-ShanSun2,3.,Hsin-HsienHuang1,Ming-ShowWong4,Hung-ChiLin1 ,Hsin-Hou Chang2,3 * 1Institute ofPreventiveMedicine,NationalDefenseMedicalCenter,Taipei,Taiwan, 2Institute ofMolecular BiologyandHumanGenetics,Tzu-ChiUniversity, Hualien, Taiwan,3InstituteofMedicalScience,Tzu-ChiUniversity,Hualien,Taiwan,4DepartmentofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,NationalDong-HwaUniversity,Hualien, Taiwan,RepublicofChina Abstract Background:Photocatalysisoftitaniumdioxide(TiO2)substratesisprimarilyinducedbyultravioletlightirradiation.Anion- doped TiO2 substrates were shown to exhibit photocatalytic activities under visible-light illumination, relative environmentally-friendlymaterials.Theiranti-sporeactivityagainstBacillusanthracis,however,remainstobeinvestigated. Weevaluatedthesevisible-lightactivatedphotocatalystsonthereductionofanthraxspore-inducedpathogenesis. Methodology/Principal Findings: Standard plating method was used to determine the inactivation of anthrax spore by visible light-induced photocatalysis. Mouse models were further employed to investigate the suppressive effects of the photocatalysis on anthrax toxin- and spore-mediated mortality. We found that anti-spore activities of visible light illuminatednitrogen-orcarbon-dopedtitaniathinfilmssignificantlyreducedviabilityofanthraxspores.Eventhoughthe spore-killing efficiency is only approximately 25%, our data indicate that spores from photocatalyzed groups but not untreated groups have a less survival rate after macrophage clearance. In addition, the photocatalysis could directly inactivate lethal toxin, the major virulence factor of B. anthracis. In agreement with these results, we found that the photocatalyzedsporeshavetenfoldlesspotencytoinducemortalityinmice.Thesedatasuggestthatthephotocatalysis mightinjurythesporesthroughinactivatingsporecomponents. Conclusion/Significance: Photocatalysis induced injuri