Roosting Ecology and the Evolution of Pelage Markings in Bats 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Roosting Ecology and the Evolution of Pelage Markings in Bats 英文参考文献.doc

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Roosting Ecology and the Evolution of Pelage Markings in Bats 英文参考文献

RoostingEcologyandtheEvolutionofPelageMarkings inBats SharleneE.Santana1,2*,ThomasO.Dial2,ThomasP.Eiting3,MichaelE.Alfaro2 1Center for Society and Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, 2Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, 3Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst,Amherst,Massachusetts,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Multiplelineagesofbatshaveevolvedstrikingfacialandbodypelagemakings,includingspots,stripesandcountershading. Althoughresearchershavehypothesizedthatthesemarkingsmainlyevolvedforcrypsis,thisideahasneverbeentestedina quantitativeandcomparativecontext.Wepresentthefirstcomparativestudyintegratingdataonroostingecology(roost type and colony size) and pelage coloration patterns across bats, and explore the hypothesis that the evolution of bat pelage markings is associated with roosting ecologies that benefit from crypsis. We find that lineages that roost in the vegetation have evolved pelage markings, especially stripes and neck collars, which may function in crypsis through disruptivecolorationandatypeofcountershadingthatmightbeuniquetobats.Wealsodemonstratethatlineagesthat live in larger colonies and are larger in size tend not to have pelage markings, possibly because of reduced predation pressures due to the predator dilution effect and a lower number of potential predators. Although social functions for pelagecolorpatternsarealsopossible,ourworkprovidesstrongsupportfortheideathatroostingecologyhasdriventhe evolutionofpelagemarkingsinbats. Citation:SantanaSE,DialTO,EitingTP,AlfaroME(2011)RoostingEcologyandtheEvolutionofPelageMarkingsinBats.PLoSONE6(10):e25845.doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0025845 Editor:BrockFenton,UniversityofWesternOntario,Canada ReceivedAugust11,2011;AcceptedSeptember12,2011;PublishedOctober3,2011 Copyright: ? 2011 Santana et al. This is an open-acce