Salmonella in Broiler Litter and Properties of Soil at Farm Location 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Salmonella in Broiler Litter and Properties of Soil at Farm Location 英文参考文献.doc

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SalmonellainBroilerLitterandPropertiesofSoilatFarm Location VictoriyaV.Volkova1*,R.HartfordBailey2,RobertW.Wills2 1Epidemiology Group, Centre for Infectious Disease, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, United States of America Abstract Contaminationoflitterinabroilergrow-outhousewithSalmonellapriortoplacementofanewflockhasbeenshowntobe aprecursoroftheflock’sSalmonellacontaminationfurtherdowntheproductioncontinuum.InthesouthernUSA,broiler grow-outhousesareprimarilybuiltondirtpadfoundationsthatareplaceddirectlyontopofthenativesoilsurface.Broiler litterisplaceddirectlyonthedirtpad.Multiplegrow-outflocksarerearedonasinglelitterbatch,andthelitteriskeptinthe housesduringdowntimebetweenflocks.Theeffectsofenvironmentaldeterminantsonconditionsinbroilerlitter,hence Salmonella ecology within it, has received limited attention. In a field study that included broiler farms in the states of Alabama,MississippiandTexasweassessedSalmonellainbroilerlitterattheendofdowntimebetweenflocks,i.e.atthe timeofplacementofanewflockforrearing.HereweutilizedtheseresultsandtheU.S.GeneralSoilMap(STATSGO)datato testifpropertiesofsoilatfarmlocationimpactedtheprobabilityofSalmonelladetectioninthelitter.Thesignificanceofsoil propertiesasriskfactorswastestedinmultilevelregressionmodelsafteraccountingforpossibleconfoundingdifferences amongthefarms,theparticipatingbroilercomplexesandcompanies,andthefarms’geographicalpositioning.Significant associations were observed between infiltration and drainage capabilities of soil at farm location and probability of Salmonelladetectioninthelitter. Citation: Volkova VV, Bailey RH, Wills RW (2009) Salmonella in Broiler Litter and Properties of Soil at Farm Location. PLoS ONE 4(7): e6403. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0006403 Editor:ThomasBell,Universityof