Schistosoma haematobium Treatment in 1–5 Year Old Children Safety and Efficacy of the Antihelminthic Drug Praziquantel 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Schistosoma haematobium Treatment in 1–5 Year Old Children Safety and Efficacy of the Antihelminthic Drug Praziquantel 英文参考文献.doc

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SchistosomahaematobiumTreatmentin1–5YearOld Children:SafetyandEfficacyoftheAntihelminthicDrug Praziquantel FranciscaMutapi1*,NadineRujeni1,ClaireBourke1,KateMitchell1¤a,LauraAppleby1,NormanNausch1, NicholasMidzi2,TakafiraMduluza3¤b 1AshworthLaboratories,InstituteofImmunologyInfectionResearch,SchoolofBiologicalSciences,UniversityofEdinburgh,Edinburgh,UnitedKingdom,2National InstituteofHealthResearch,Causeway,Harare,Zimbabwe,3DepartmentofBiochemistry,UniversityofZimbabwe,MountPleasant,Harare,Zimbabwe Abstract Background:Morbidityduetoschistosomiasisiscurrentlycontrolledbytreatmentofschistosomeinfectedpeoplewiththe antihelminthic drug praziquantel (PZQ). Children aged up to 5 years are currently excluded from schistosome control programmeslargelyduetothelackofPZQsafetydatainthisagegroup.Thisstudyinvestigatedthesafetyandefficacyof PZQtreatmentinsuchchildren. Methods:Zimbabweanchildrenaged1–5years(n=104)weretreatedwithPZQtabletsandsideeffectswereassessedby questionnaireadministeredtotheircaregiverswithin24hoursoftakingPZQ.Treatmentefficacywasdetermined6weeks afterPZQadministrationthroughschistosomeeggcountsinurine.Thechangeininfectionlevelsinthechildren1–5years old(n=100)wascomparedtothatin6–10yearoldchildren(n=435). Principal Findings: Pre-treatment S. haematobium infection intensity in 1–5 year olds was 14.6 eggs/10ml urine and prevalencewas21%.Ofthe104children,3.8%reportedsideeffectswithin24hoursoftakingPZQtreatment.Thesewere stomach ache, loss of appetite, lethargy and inflammation of the face and body. PZQ treatment significantly reduced schistosomeinfectionlevelsin1–5yearoldswithaneggreductionrate(ERR)of99%andcurerate(CR)of92%.Thiswas comparabletotheefficacyofpraziquantelin6–10yearoldswhereERRwas96%andCRwas67%. Interpretation/Significance: PZQtreatmentisassafeandefficaciousinchildrenaged1–5yearsasitisinolderchildren aged6–10yearsinwhomPZQisthedrugofchoiceforcontrolofschistosomeinfections. Citation:MutapiF,RujeniN,BourkeC,MitchellK,ApplebyL,etal.(2011)Schistosomah